Wednesday, March 18, 2015
Police Cops
http://www.tv.com/shows/the-simpsons/homer-to-the-max-1501/trivia/
tv.com
The Simpsons Season 10 Episode 13
Homer to the Max
Aired Sunday 8:00 PM Feb 07, 1999 on FOX
QUOTES
Criminal #1: Let's get this bank back to our hideout and we'll break into it later.
(suddenly, a car pulls up.)
Criminal #1: It's the cops!
Criminal #2: Worse. The Police Cops.
http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/history/famous-cases/brinks-robbery
THE FBI FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
The Brinks Robbery
Shortly before 7:30 p.m. on the evening of January 17, 1950, a group of armed, masked men emerged from 165 Prince Street in Boston, Massachusetts, dragging bags containing $1,218,211.29 in cash and $1,557,183.83 in checks, money orders, and other securities. These men had just committed the “crime of the century,” the “perfect crime,” the “fabulous Brink’s robbery.”
http://www.tv.com/shows/the-simpsons/homer-to-the-max-1501/trivia/
tv.com
The Simpsons Season 10 Episode 13
Homer to the Max
Aired Sunday 8:00 PM Feb 07, 1999 on FOX
QUOTES
Homer: Amimation's better because they don't have to pay the actors squat!
Ned Flanders: (In a completely different voice): Plus they can replace them and no one can tell the diddlely difference!
From 3/3/1959 ( the birthdate in Hawaii of my biological brother Thomas Reagan ) To 2/7/1999 is 14586 days
14586 = 7293 + 7293
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 10/21/1985 ( Dan White dead ) is 7293 days
From 6/22/1933 ( Dianne Feinstein ) To 9/27/1966 ( Lyndon Johnson - Remarks to the Delegates to the Second National Conference of United States Marshals ) is 12150 days
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 2/7/1999 is 12150 days
From 10/15/1959 ( premiere US TV series "The Untouchables"::series premiere episode "The Empty Chair" ) To 1/19/1993 ( in Asheville North Carolina as Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess I was seriously wounded by gunfire when I returned fatal gunfire to a fugitive from United States federal justice who was another criminal sent by Bill Gates-Nazi-Microsoft-George Bush the cowardly violent criminal in another attempt to kill me the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) is 12150 days
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 2/7/1999 is 12150 days
From 10/25/1994 ( Susan Smith kills her two children and dumps them in her car in the John D. Long Lake near Union South Carolina ) To 2/7/1999 is 1566 days
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 2/15/1970 ( premiere US TV series episode "Bonanza"::"The Law and Billy Burgess" ) is 1566 days
From 9/27/1956 ( premiere US film "Tea and Sympathy" ) To 1/2/1990 ( General of the Armies of the United States and United States Navy Fleet Admiral Thomas Reagan my biological brother walked into the office of George Herbert Walker Bush and after giving him adequate direct verbal warning to defend himself General of the Armies of the United States Thomas Reagan used his fist to physically hit George Bush in the face with enough physical force to leave George Bush unconscious on the floor of his office because George Bush has murdered United States Navy SEALs in Panama and because George Bush is a cowardly violent criminal and because George Bush is an active severely treasonous agent of the Soviet Union and Communist China violently against the United States of America ) is 12150 days
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 2/7/1999 is 12150 days
From 12/6/1983 ( Ronald Reagan - Remarks at a Dinner Honoring General Jimmy Doolittle ) To 2/7/1999 is 5542 days
5542 = 2771 + 2771
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 6/4/1973 ( the United States patent granted for the automatic teller machine ) is 2771 days
From 1/17/1950 ( the Brinks robbery ) To 2/7/1999 is 17918 days
17918 = 8959 + 8959
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 5/14/1990 ( departing as United States Navy Fire Controlman Second Class Petty Officer Kerry Wayne Burgess my honorable discharge from United States Navy active service for commissioning as chief warrant officer United States Marine Corps and circa 2012 my United States of America military services continues as Kerry Wayne Burgess the United States Marine Corps lieutenant general ) is 8959 days
From 3/20/1909 ( William Howard Taft - Proclamation 873 - Establishment of the Navajo National Monument, Arizona ) To 9/30/1975 ( my biological brother Thomas Reagan the United States Navy test pilot was the primary test pilot for the first flight of the Hughes and McDonnell Douglas AH-64 Apache attack helicopter and for the United States Army AH-64 Apache test program ) is 24300 days
24300 = 12150 + 12150
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 2/7/1999 is 12150 days
From 10/12/1957 ( premiere US TV series "What's It For" ) To 1/17/1991 ( the date of record of my United States Navy Medal of Honor as Kerry Wayne Burgess chief warrant officer United States Marine Corps circa 1991 also known as Matthew Kline for official duty and also known as Wayne Newman for official duty ) is 12150 days
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 2/7/1999 is 12150 days
From 10/12/1957 ( premiere US TV series "What's It For" ) To 1/17/1991 ( RACKETEER INFLUENCED AND CORRUPT ORGANIZATIONS US Title 18 - the Persian Gulf War begins as scheduled severe criminal activity against the United States of America ) is 12150 days
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 2/7/1999 is 12150 days
From 1/17/1991 ( the date of record of my United States Navy Medal of Honor as Kerry Wayne Burgess chief warrant officer United States Marine Corps circa 1991 also known as Matthew Kline for official duty and also known as Wayne Newman for official duty ) To 2/7/1999 is 2943 days
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 11/23/1973 ( the destruction of the Italian Air Force Argo 16 ) is 2943 days
From 1/17/1991 ( RACKETEER INFLUENCED AND CORRUPT ORGANIZATIONS US Title 18 - the Persian Gulf War begins as scheduled severe criminal activity against the United States of America ) To 2/7/1999 is 2943 days
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 11/23/1973 ( the destruction of the Italian Air Force Argo 16 ) is 2943 days
From 12/20/1994 ( in Bosnia as Kerry Wayne Burgess the United States Marine Corps captain this day is my United States Navy Cross medal date of record ) To 2/7/1999 is 1510 days
1510 = 755 + 755
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 11/27/1967 ( The Beatles "Magical Mystery Tour" ) is 755 days
From 10/18/1939 ( Lee Harvey Oswald ) To 2/7/1999 is 21662 days
21662 = 10831 + 10831
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 6/29/1995 ( the Mir space station docking of the United States space shuttle Atlantis orbiter vehicle mission STS-71 includes my biological brother United States Navy Fleet Admiral Thomas Reagan the spacecraft and mission commander and me Kerry Wayne Burgess the United States Marine Corps officer and United States STS-71 pilot astronaut ) is 10831 days
From 9/7/1951 ( premiere US film "The Mob" ) To 2/7/1999 is 17320 days
17320 = 8660 + 8660
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 7/19/1989 ( Bill Gates-Microsoft-George Bush kills 111 passengers and crew of United Airlines Flight 232 and destroys the United Airlines Flight 232 aircraft because I was a passenger of United Airlines Flight 232 as United States Navy Petty Officer Second Class Kerry Wayne Burgess and I was assigned to maintain custody of a non-violent offender military prisoner of the United States ) is 8660 days
From 4/13/1956 ( premiere US TV series episode "The Adventures of Rin Tin Tin"::"Attack on Fort Apache" ) To 7/19/1989 ( Bill Gates-Microsoft-George Bush kills 111 passengers and crew of United Airlines Flight 232 and destroys the United Airlines Flight 232 aircraft because I was a passenger of United Airlines Flight 232 as United States Navy Petty Officer Second Class Kerry Wayne Burgess and I was assigned to maintain custody of a non-violent offender military prisoner of the United States ) is 12150 days
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 2/7/1999 is 12150 days
From 3/28/1958 ( premiere US TV series episode "The Adventures of Jim Bowie"::"Jim Bowie, Apache" ) To 2/7/1999 is 14926 days
14926 = 7463 + 7463
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 4/9/1986 ( --- ) is 7463 days
From 3/28/1958 ( premiere US film "Ghost Writers" ) To 2/7/1999 is 14926 days
14926 = 7463 + 7463
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 4/9/1986 ( --- ) is 7463 days
From 7/16/1963 ( Phoebe Cates the Harvard University graduate medical doctor and the world-famous actress and the wife of my biological brother Thomas Reagan ) To 2/7/1999 is 12990 days
12990 = 6495 + 6495
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 8/15/1983 ( premiere US film "Prisoners of the Lost Universe" ) is 6495 days
From 6/27/1994 ( United States Navy Fleet Admiral Thomas Reagan the pilot and plane crash survivor along with me Kerry Wayne Burgess - circa 1990 also known for official duty as Wayne Newman the Deputy United States Marshal and then as Chief Deputy United States Marshal and the active duty commissioned officer of the United States Marine Corps - and the other Lockheed L-1011 aircraft passengers and crew murdered in a scheduled terrorism-sabotage attack by Bill Gates-Nazi-Microsoft-Corbis-NASA-George Bush the cowardly violent criminal by causing the external mounted Orbital Sciences Pegasus space satellite booster rocket to explode and fatally disable our aircraft ) To 2/7/1999 is 1686 days
1686 = 843 + 843
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 2/23/1968 ( premiere US TV series episode "Star Trek"::"By Any Other Name" ) is 843 days
From 6/14/1925 ( Pierre Salinger ) To 12/25/1991 ( as United States Marine Corps chief warrant officer Kerry Wayne Burgess I was prisoner of war in Croatia ) is 24300 days
24300 = 12150 + 12150
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 2/7/1999 is 12150 days
From 3/16/1991 ( my first successful major test of my ultraspace matter transportation device as Kerry Wayne Burgess the successful Ph.D. graduate Columbia South Carolina ) To 2/7/1999 is 2885 days
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 9/26/1973 ( premiere US TV series "Faraday and Company" ) is 2885 days
From 6/19/1975 ( the introduction of the United States of America congressional joint resolution Public Law 94-479 General of the Armies of the United States applies personally and professionally to my biological brother United States Navy Fleet Admiral Thomas Reagan the General of the Armies of the United States ) To 2/7/1999 is 8634 days
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 6/23/1989 ( premiere US film "Honey, I Shrunk the Kids" ) is 8634 days
From 9/25/1939 ( premiere US film "Our Fighting Navy" ) To 12/30/1972 ( Kerry Collins ) is 12150 days
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 2/7/1999 is 12150 days
From 5/31/1943 ( Joe Namath ) To 9/4/1976 ( George Walker Bush the purveyor of illegal drugs strictly for his personal profit including the trafficking of massive amounts of cocaine into the United States arrested again by police in the United States ) is 12150 days
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 2/7/1999 is 12150 days
From 5/31/1943 ( the so-called Zoot Suit Riots in Los Angeles California ) To 9/4/1976 ( George Walker Bush the purveyor of illegal drugs strictly for his personal profit including the trafficking of massive amounts of cocaine into the United States arrested again by police in the United States ) is 12150 days
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 2/7/1999 is 12150 days
From 12/25/1971 ( George Walker Bush the purveyor of illegal drugs strictly for his personal profit including the trafficking of massive amounts of cocaine into the United States confined to federal prison in Mexico for illegally smuggling narcotics in Mexico ) To 2/7/1999 is 9906 days
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 12/16/1992 ( George Bush - Remarks Honoring the World Series Champion Toronto Blue Jays ) is 9906 days
From 12/25/1971 ( George Walker Bush the purveyor of illegal drugs strictly for his personal profit including the trafficking of massive amounts of cocaine into the United States confined to federal prison in Mexico for illegally smuggling narcotics in Mexico ) To 2/7/1999 is 9906 days
9906 = 4953 + 4953
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 5/26/1979 ( Jimmy Carter - Gold Medal for John Wayne Statement on Signing S. 631 Into Law ) is 4953 days
From 12/25/1971 ( George Walker Bush the purveyor of illegal drugs strictly for his personal profit including the trafficking of massive amounts of cocaine into the United States confined to federal prison in Mexico for illegally smuggling narcotics in Mexico ) To 2/7/1999 is 9906 days
9906 = 4953 + 4953
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 5/26/1979 ( premiere US TV movie "Buffalo Soldiers" ) is 4953 days
From 12/12/1973 ( premiere US film "The Last Detail" ) To 2/7/1999 is 9188 days
From 11/2/1965 ( my birth date in Antlers Oklahoma USA and my birthdate as the known official Deputy United States Marshal Kerry Wayne Burgess and active duty United States Marine Corps officer ) To 12/29/1990 ( George Bush - Presidential Determination No. 91 - 11 -- Memorandum on Trade With the Soviet Union ) is 9188 days
http://www.tv.com/shows/the-simpsons/homer-to-the-max-1501/
tv.com
The Simpsons Season 10 Episode 13
Homer to the Max
Aired Sunday 8:00 PM Feb 07, 1999 on FOX
AIRED: 2/7/99
http://www.simpsonsarchive.com/episodes/AABF09.txt
Homer to the Max [ The Simpsons ]
Original Airdate on FOX: 7-Feb-99
% Homer, holding a pennant that says "Mid-Season", holds up a scorecard
% with two columns -- "Excellent Shows" and "Very Good Shows".
Homer: Oh, I can't wait. Look, Marge, I got a scorecard printed up at that all-night scorecard place.
Lisa: Isn't mid-season just a dumping ground for second-rate shows that weren't good enough for the fall schedule?
Homer: You're thinking of all the other years. This year's shows are classic. There's "The Laughter Family" -- that's animated. Networks like animation 'cause they don't have to pay the actors squat!
Ned: [voice slightly off] Plus, they can replace them, and no one can tell the diddley-ifference!
% "Admiral Baby" kicks off the night. On the deck of an enormous ship,
% two officers talk with each other.
Officer #1: We're taking the entire sixth fleet to Candy Island?
Officer #2: Those are the Admiral's orders!
[The Admiral is revealed to be a diapered baby in a crib wearing the appropriate hat and jacket. He loses balance and falls over to a laugh track and funny noises, while the Simpsons look on uninterestedly.]
Marge: It's hard to believe someone that young could have risen to the rank of Admiral.
http://www.simpsonsarchive.com/episodes/AABF09.txt
Homer to the Max [ The Simpsons ]
Original Airdate on FOX: 7-Feb-99
% Homer, much to his amazement (and ours), thinks the show is a bit
% dumb. He looks through the TV Guide and finds "Police Cops," which
% holds some more promise. Homer puts down the TV guide and changes
% channel to a show where some crooks are using a crane to lift an entire
% bank onto a truck.
Criminal #1: Let's get this bank back to our hideout and we'll break into it later.
http://www.nytimes.com/1985/10/22/us/dan-white-killer-of-san-francisco-mayor-a-suicide.html
The New York Times
DAN WHITE, KILLER OF SAN FRANCISCO MAYOR, A SUICIDE
By ROBERT LINDSEY
Published: October 22, 1985
Turned Down by Mayor
But a year later he resigned, saying that his salary, $9,600 a year, was not enough to support his family, and that he was unhappy with the ethics he found in the political world.
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0097523/releaseinfo
IMDb
Honey, I Shrunk the Kids (1989)
Release Info
USA 23 June 1989
http://thomas.loc.gov/cgi-bin/bdquery/z?d094:HJ00519:@@@L&summ2=m&
The LIBRARY of CONGRESS THOMAS
Bill Summary & Status
94th Congress (1975 - 1976)
H.J.RES.519
All Information
H.J.RES.519
Latest Title: Joint resolution to provide for the appointment of George Washington to the grade of General of the Armies of the United States.
Sponsor: Rep Biaggi, Mario [NY-10] (introduced 6/19/1975) Cosponsors (None)
Latest Major Action: 10/11/1976 Public law 94-479.
SUMMARY AS OF:
6/19/1975--Introduced.
Establishes the grade of General of Armies of the United States which shall have precedence over all other grades of the Army, past and present. Authorizes the President to appoint George Washington posthumously to such grade effective July 4, 1976.
MAJOR ACTIONS:
6/19/1975 Introduced in House
8/4/1976 Reported to House from the Committee on Armed Services, H. Rept. 94-1388.
8/24/1976 Passed/agreed to in House: Measure passed House, roll call #652 (275-107).
9/28/1976 Passed/agreed to in Senate: Measure passed Senate.
9/28/1976 Cleared for White House
10/1/1976 Measure presented to President.
10/11/1976 Signed by President.
10/11/1976 Public law 94-479.
http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=f000062
Biographical Directory of the United States Congress
FEINSTEIN, Dianne, (1933 - )
Senate Years of Service: 1992-
Party: Democrat
FEINSTEIN, Dianne, a Senator from California; born in San Francisco, Calif., June 22, 1933; attended the San Francisco public schools and graduated from the Convent of the Sacred Heart High School 1951; graduated, Stanford University 1955; member, California Women’s Board of Terms and Parole 1960-1966; member, San Francisco Board of Supervisors 1970-1978, serving as president 1970-1971, 1974-1975, 1978; mayor of San Francisco 1978-1988; director, Bank of California 1988-1989; co-chair, San Francisco Education Fund’s Permanent Fund 1988-1989; unsuccessful candidate for Governor of California 1990; elected in a special election on November 3, 1992, as a Democrat to the United States Senate to fill the term left vacant by the resignation of Pete Wilson; took office on November 4, 1992, and took the oath of office on November 10, 1992; reelected in 1994, 2000, 2006, and again in 2012 for the term ending January 3, 2019; chair, Committee on Rules and Administration (One Hundred Tenth Congress), Select Committee on Intellegence (One Hundred Eleventh to One Hundred Thirteenth Congresses).
http://www.tv.com/shows/the-simpsons/sweet-seymour-skinners-baadasssss-song-1385/trivia/
tv.com
The Simpsons Season 5 Episode 19
Sweet Seymour Skinner's Baadasssss Song
Aired Sunday 8:00 PM Apr 28, 1994 on FOX
Quotes
Principal Skinner: Dirksen, tuck in your shirt. Jaffee, spit out that gum!
Leopold: You really think it's a good idea to give that freak his job back?
Superintendent Chalmers: Aw, he seems to know the students' names.
http://www.tv.com/shows/the-untouchables/the-empty-chair-77049/
tv.com
The Untouchables Season 1 Episode 1
The Empty Chair
Aired Thursday 9:30 PM Oct 15, 1959 on ABC
Eliot Ness and his team of federal agents have spent the last 18 months getting Capone behind bars. Now their job turns to figuring out who will take over the empty throne.
AIRED: 10/15/59
http://www.tv.com/shows/bonanza/the-law-and-billy-burgess-98766/
tv.com
Bonanza Season 11 Episode 20
The Law and Billy Burgess
Aired Saturday 7:30 PM Feb 15, 1970 on NBC
AIRED: 2/15/70
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/January_1950
January 1950
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The following events occurred in January 1950:
January 17, 1950 (Tuesday)
Great Brinks Robbery: Eleven thieves stole more than two million dollars from the headquarters of the Brinks Armored Car Company at 165 Prince Street in Boston, Massachusetts. A group of men, wearing Halloween masks, used keys to walk through five locked doors, walked into the counting room, tied up the employees at gunpoint, filled 14 bags with money and disappeared. The haul from the job, which took a year and a half to plan and 17 minutes to carry out, was $1,218,211.29 in cash and another $1,557,183.83 in checks, money orders and securities. The gang would be indicted in 1956, only five days before the statute of limitations on the robbery would have expired.
1950 USS Missouri grounding incident: The famous battleship USS Missouri got stuck at the entrance to Maryland's Chesapeake Bay after running aground on the shoals, and was stuck for two weeks. The ship would finally be freed on February 1, after a salvage effort that cost $225,000.
http://www.fbi.gov/about-us/history/famous-cases/brinks-robbery
THE FBI FEDERAL BUREAU OF INVESTIGATION
The Brinks Robbery
Shortly before 7:30 p.m. on the evening of January 17, 1950, a group of armed, masked men emerged from 165 Prince Street in Boston, Massachusetts, dragging bags containing $1,218,211.29 in cash and $1,557,183.83 in checks, money orders, and other securities. These men had just committed the “crime of the century,” the “perfect crime,” the “fabulous Brink’s robbery.” At 7:27 p.m. as the robbers sped from the scene, a Brink’s employee telephoned the Boston Police Department. Minutes later, police arrived at the Brink’s building, and special agents of the FBI quickly joined in the investigation.
At the outset, very few facts were available to the investigators. From interviews with the five employees whom the criminals had confronted, it was learned that between five and seven robbers had entered the building. All of them wore Navy-type peacoats, gloves, and chauffeur’s caps. Each robber’s face was completely concealed behind a Halloween-type mask. To muffle their footsteps, one of the gang wore crepe-soled shoes, and the others wore rubbers.
The robbers did little talking. They moved with a studied precision which suggested that the crime had been carefully planned and rehearsed in the preceding months. Somehow the criminals had opened at least three—and possibly four—locked doors to gain entrance to the second floor of Brink’s, where the five employees were engaged in their nightly chore of checking and storing the money collected from Brink’s customers that day.
All five employees had been forced at gunpoint to lie face down on the floor. Their hands were tied behind their backs and adhesive tape was placed over their mouths. During this operation, one of the employees had lost his glasses; they later could not be found on the Brink’s premises.
As the loot was being placed in bags and stacked between the second and third doors leading to the Prince Street entrance, a buzzer sounded. The robbers removed the adhesive tape from the mouth of one employee and learned that the buzzer signified that someone wanted to enter the vault area. The person ringing the buzzer was a garage attendant. Two of the gang members moved toward the door to capture him; but, seeing the garage attendant walk away apparently unaware that the robbery was being committed, they did not pursue him.
The Investigation
In addition to the general descriptions received from the Brink’s employees, the investigators obtained several pieces of physical evidence. There were the rope and adhesive tape used to bind and gag the employees and a chauffeur’s cap which one of the robbers had left at the crime scene.
The FBI further learned that four revolvers had been taken by the gang. The descriptions and serial numbers of these weapons were carefully noted since they might prove a valuable link to the men responsible for the crime.
In the hours immediately following the robbery, the underworld began to feel the heat of the investigation. Well-known Boston hoodlums were picked up and questioned by police. From Boston, the pressure quickly spread to other cities. Veteran criminals throughout the United States found their activities during mid-January the subject of official inquiry.
Since Brink’s was located in a heavily populated tenement section, many hours were consumed in interviews to locate persons in the neighborhood who might possess information of possible value. A systematic check of current and past Brink’s employees was undertaken; personnel of the three-story building housing the Brink’s offices were questioned; inquiries were made concerning salesmen, messengers, and others who had called at Brink’s and might know its physical layout as well as its operational procedures.
An immediate effort also was made to obtain descriptive data concerning the missing cash and securities. Brink’s customers were contacted for information regarding the packaging and shipping materials they used. All identifying marks placed on currency and securities by the customers were noted, and appropriate “stops” were placed at banking institutions across the Nation.
Hundreds of Dead Ends
The Brink’s case was “front page” news. Even before Brink’s, Incorporated, offered a $100,000 reward for information leading to the arrest and conviction of the persons responsible, the case had captured the imagination of millions of Americans. Well-meaning persons throughout the country began sending the FBI “tips” and theories which they hoped would assist in the investigation.
For example, from a citizen in California came the suggestion that the loot might be concealed in the Atlantic Ocean near Boston. (A detailed survey of the Boston waterfront previously had been made by the FBI.) Former inmates of penal institutions reported conversations they had overheard while incarcerated which concerned the robbing of Brink’s. Each of these leads was checked out. None proved fruitful.
Many other types of information were received. A man of modest means in Bayonne, New Jersey, was reported to be spending large sums of money in night clubs, buying new automobiles, and otherwise exhibiting newly found wealth. A thorough investigation was made concerning his whereabouts on the evening of January 17, 1950. He was not involved in the Brink’s robbery.
Rumors from the underworld pointed suspicion at several criminal gangs. Members of the “Purple Gang” of the 1930s found that there was renewed interest in their activities. Another old gang which had specialized in hijacking bootlegged whiskey in the Boston area during Prohibition became the subject of inquiries. Again, the FBI’s investigation resulted merely in the elimination of more possible suspects.
Many “tips” were received from anonymous persons. On the night of January 17, 1952—exactly two years after the crime occurred—the FBI’s Boston Office received an anonymous telephone call from an individual who claimed he was sending a letter identifying the Brink’s robbers. Information received from this individual linked nine well-known hoodlums with the crime. After careful checking, the FBI eliminated eight of the suspects. The ninth man had long been a principal suspect. He later was to be arrested as a member of the robbery gang.
Of the hundreds of New England hoodlums contacted by FBI agents in the weeks immediately following the robbery, few were willing to be interviewed. Occasionally, an offender who was facing a prison term would boast that he had “hot” information. “You get me released, and I’ll solve the case in no time,” these criminals would claim.
One Massachusetts racketeer, a man whose moral code mirrored his long years in the underworld, confided to the agents who were interviewing him, “If I knew who pulled the job, I wouldn’t be talking to you now because I’d be too busy trying to figure a way to lay my hands on some of the loot.”
In its determination to overlook no possibility, the FBI contacted various resorts throughout the United States for information concerning persons known to possess unusually large sums of money following the robbery. Race tracks and gambling establishments also were covered in the hope of finding some of the loot in circulation. This phase of the investigation greatly disturbed many gamblers. A number of them discontinued their operations; others indicated a strong desire that the robbers be identified and apprehended.
The mass of information gathered during the early weeks of the investigation was continuously sifted. All efforts to identify the gang members through the chauffeur’s hat, the rope, and the adhesive tape which had been left in Brink’s proved unsuccessful. On February 5, 1950, however, a police officer in Somerville, Massachusetts, recovered one of the four revolvers which had been taken by the robbers. Investigation established that this gun, together with another rusty revolver, had been found on February 4, 1950, by a group of boys who were playing on a sand bar at the edge of the Mystic River in Somerville.
Shortly after these two guns were found, one of them was placed in a trash barrel and was taken to the city dump. The other gun was picked up by the officer and identified as having been taken during the Brink’s robbery. A detailed search for additional weapons was made at the Mystic River. The results were negative.
Through the interviews of persons in the vicinity of the Brink’s offices on the evening of January 17, 1950, the FBI learned that a 1949 green Ford stake-body truck with a canvas top had been parked near the Prince Street door of Brink’s at approximately the time of the robbery. From the size of the loot and the number of men involved, it was logical that the gang might have used a truck. This lead was pursued intensively.
On March 4, 1950, pieces of an identical truck were found at a dump in Stoughton, Massachusetts. An acetylene torch had been used to cut up the truck, and it appeared that a sledge hammer also had been used to smash many of the heavy parts, such as the motor. The truck pieces were concealed in fiber bags when found. Had the ground not been frozen, the person or persons who abandoned the bags probably would have attempted to bury them.
The truck found at the dump had been reported stolen by a Ford dealer near Fenway Park in Boston on November 3, 1949. All efforts to identify the persons responsible for the theft and the persons who had cut up the truck were unsuccessful.
The fiber bags used to conceal the pieces were identified as having been used as containers for beef bones shipped from South America to a gelatin manufacturing company in Massachusetts. Thorough inquiries were made concerning the disposition of the bags after their receipt by the Massachusetts firm. This phase of the investigation was pursued exhaustively. It proved unproductive.
Nonetheless, the finding of the truck parts at Stoughton, Massachusetts, was to prove a valuable “break” in the investigation. Two of the participants in the Brink’s robbery lived in the Stoughton area. After the truck parts were found, additional suspicion was attached to these men.
Field of Suspects Narrows
As the investigation developed and thousands of leads were followed to dead ends, the broad field of possible suspects gradually began to narrow. Among the early suspects was Anthony Pino, an alien who had been a principal suspect in numerous major robberies and burglaries in Massachusetts. Pino was known in the underworld as an excellent “case man” and it was said that the “casing” of the Brink’s offices bore his “trademark.” Pino had been questioned as to his whereabouts on the evening of January 17, 1950, and he provided a good alibi. The alibi, in fact, was almost too good. Pino had been at his home in the Roxbury Section of Boston until approximately 7:00 p.m.; then he walked to the nearby liquor store of Joseph McGinnis. Subsequently, he engaged in a conversation with McGinnis and a Boston police officer. The officer verified the meeting. The alibi was strong, but not conclusive. The police officer said he had been talking to McGinnis first, and Pino arrived later to join them. The trip from the liquor store in Roxbury to the Brink’s offices could be made in about 15 minutes. Pino could have been at McGinnis’ liquor store shortly after 7:30 p.m. on January 17, 1950, and still have participated in the robbery.
And what of McGinnis himself? Commonly regarded as a dominant figure in the Boston underworld, McGinnis previously had been convicted of robbery and narcotics violations. Underworld sources described him as fully capable of planning and executing the Brink’s robbery. He, too, had left his home shortly before 7:00 p.m. on the night of the robbery and met the Boston police officer soon thereafter. If local hoodlums were involved, it was difficult to believe that McGinnis could be as ignorant of the crime as he claimed.
Neither Pino nor McGinnis was known to be the type of hoodlum who would undertake so potentially dangerous a crime without the best “strong-arm” support available. Two of the prime suspects whose nerve and gun-handling experience suited them for the Brink’s robbery were Joseph James O’Keefe and Stanley Albert Gusciora. O’Keefe and Gusciora reportedly had “worked” together on a number of occasions. Both had served prison sentences, and both were well known to underworld figures on the East Coast. O’Keefe’s reputation for nerve was legend. Reports had been received alleging that he had held up several gamblers in the Boston area and had been involved in “shakedowns” of bookies. Like Gusciora, O’Keefe was known to have associated with Pino prior to the Brink’s robbery. Both of these “strong-arm” suspects had been questioned by Boston authorities following the robbery. Neither had too convincing an alibi. O’Keefe claimed that he left his hotel room in Boston at approximately 7:00 p.m. on January 17, 1950. Following the robbery, authorities attempted unsuccessfully to locate him at the hotel. His explanation: He had been drinking at a bar in Boston. Gusciora also claimed to have been drinking that evening.
The families of O’Keefe and Gusciora resided in the vicinity of Stoughton, Massachusetts. When the pieces of the 1949 green Ford stake-body truck were found at the dump in Stoughton on March 4, 1950, additional emphasis was placed on the investigations concerning them. Local officers searched their homes, but no evidence linking them with the truck or the robbery was found.
In April 1950, the FBI received information indicating that part of the Brink’s loot was hidden in the home of a relative of O’Keefe in Boston. A Federal search warrant was obtained, and the home was searched by agents on April 27, 1950. Several hundred dollars were found hidden in the house but could not be identified as part of the loot.
On June 2, 1950, O’Keefe and Gusciora left Boston by automobile for the alleged purpose of visiting the grave of Gusciora’s brother in Missouri. Apparently, they had planned a leisurely trip with an abundance of “extracurricular activities.” On June 12, 1950, they were arrested at Towanda, Pennsylvania, and guns and clothing which were the loot from burglaries at Kane and Coudersport, Pennsylvania, were found in their possession.
Following their arrests, a former bondsman in Boston made frequent trips to Towanda in an unsuccessful effort to secure their release on bail. On September 8, 1950, O’Keefe was sentenced to three years in the Bradford County Jail at Towanda and fined $3,000 for violation of the Uniform Firearms Act. Although Gusciora was acquitted of the charges against him in Towanda, he was removed to McKean County, Pennsylvania, to stand trial for burglary, larceny, and receiving stolen goods. On October 11, 1950, Gusciora was sentenced to serve from five to twenty years in the Western Pennsylvania Penitentiary at Pittsburgh.
Even after these convictions, O’Keefe and Gusciora continued to seek their release. Between 1950 and 1954, the underworld occasionally rumbled with rumors that pressure was being exerted upon Boston hoodlums to contribute money for these criminals’ legal fight against the charges in Pennsylvania. The names of Pino, McGinnis, Adolph “Jazz” Maffie, and Henry Baker were frequently mentioned in these rumors; and it was said that they had been with O’Keefe on “the Big Job.”
Despite the lack of evidence and witnesses upon which court proceedings could be based, as the investigation progressed there was little doubt that O’Keefe had been one of the central figures in the Brink’s robbery. Pino also was linked with the robbery, and there was every reason to suspect that O’Keefe felt Pino was turning his back on him now that O’Keefe was in jail.
Both O’Keefe and Gusciora had been interviewed on several occasions concerning the Brink’s robbery, but they had claimed complete ignorance. In the hope that a wide breach might have developed between the two criminals who were in jail in Pennsylvania and the gang members who were enjoying the luxuries of a free life in Massachusetts, FBI agents again visited Gusciora and O’Keefe. Even in their jail cells, however, they showed no respect for law enforcement.
In pursuing the underworld rumors concerning the principal suspects in the Brink’s case, the FBI succeeded in identifying more probable members of the gang. There was Adolph “Jazz” Maffie, one of the hoodlums who allegedly was being “pressured” to contribute money for the legal battle of O’Keefe and Gusciora against Pennsylvania authorities. He had been questioned concerning his whereabouts on January 17, 1950, and was unable to provide any specific account of where he had been.
Henry Baker, another veteran criminal who was rumored to be “kicking in to the Pennsylvania defense fund,” had spent a number of years of his adult life in prison. He had been released on parole from the Norfolk, Massachusetts, Prison Colony on August 22, 1949—only five months before the robbery. At the Prison Colony, Baker was serving two concurrent terms of four to ten years, imposed in 1944 for “breaking and entering and larceny” and for “possession of burglar tools.” At the time of Baker’s release in 1949, Pino was on hand to drive him back to Boston.
Questioned by Boston police on the day following the robbery, Baker claimed that he had eaten dinner with his family on the evening of January 17, 1950, and then left home at about 7:00 p.m. to walk around the neighborhood for about two hours. Since he claimed to have met no one and to have stopped nowhere during his walk, he actually could have been doing anything between 7:00 and 9:00 on the night of the crime.Prominent among the other strong suspects was Vincent James Costa, brother-in-law of Pino. Costa was associated with Pino in the operation of a motor terminal and a lottery in Boston. He had been convicted of armed robbery in 1940 and served several months in the Massachusetts State Reformatory and the Norfolk, Massachusetts, Prison Colony. Costa claimed that after working at the motor terminal until approximately 5:00 p.m. on January 17, 1950, he had gone home to eat dinner; then, at approximately 7:00 p.m., he left to return to the terminal and worked until about 9:00 p.m.
The FBI’s analysis of the alibis offered by the suspects showed that the hour of 7:00 p.m. on January 17, 1950, was frequently mentioned. O’Keefe had left his hotel at approximately 7:00 p.m. Pino and Baker separately decided to go out at 7:00 p.m. Costa started back to the motor terminal at about 7:00 p.m. Other principal suspects were not able to provide very convincing accounts of their activities that evening. Since the robbery had taken place between approximately 7:10 and 7:27 p.m., it was quite probable that a gang - as well drilled as the Brink’s robbers obviously were - would have arranged to rendezvous at a specific time. By fixing this time as close as possible to the minute at which the robbery was to begin, the robbers would have alibis to cover their activities up to the final moment.
Grand Jury Hearings
Any doubts which the Brink’s gang had that the FBI was on the right track in its investigation were allayed when the federal grand jury began hearings in Boston on November 25, 1952, concerning this crime. The FBI’s jurisdiction to investigate this robbery was based upon the fact that cash, checks, postal notes, and United States money orders of the Federal Reserve Bank and the Veterans Administration district office in Boston were included in the loot. After nearly three years of investigation, the Government hoped that witnesses or participants who had remained mute for so long a period of time might “find their tongues” before the Grand Jury. Unfortunately, this proved to be an idle hope.
After completing its hearings on January 9, 1953, the Grand Jury retired to weigh the evidence. In a report which was released on January 16, 1953, the Grand Jury disclosed that its members did not feel they possessed complete, positive information as to the identify of the participants in the Brink’s robbery because (1) the participants were effectively disguised; (2) there was a lack of eyewitnesses to the crime itself; and (3) certain witnesses refused to give testimony, and the Grand Jury was unable to compel them to do so.
Ten of the persons who appeared before this Grand Jury breathed much more easily when they learned that no indictments had been returned. Three years later, almost to the day, these ten men, together with another criminal, were to be indicted by a state Grand Jury in Boston for the Brink’s robbery. Following the Federal Grand Jury hearings, the FBI’s intense investigation continued. J. Edgar Hoover and his men were convinced that they had identified the actual robbers, but evidence and witnesses had to be found.
Pino’s Deportation Troubles
While O’Keefe and Gusciora lingered in jail in Pennsylvania, Pino encountered difficulties of his own. Born in Italy in 1907, Pino was a very young child when he entered the United States. But he never became a naturalized citizen. Due to his criminal record, the Immigration and Naturalization Service instituted proceedings in 1941 to deport him. This occurred while he was in the state prison at Charlestown, Massachusetts, serving sentences for breaking and entering with intent to commit a felony and for having burglar tools in his possession.
That prison term, together with Pino’s conviction in March, 1928, for carnal abuse of a girl, provided the basis for the deportation action. Pino determined to fight against deportation. In the late Summer of 1944, he was released from the state prison and was taken into custody by Immigration authorities. During the preceding year, however, he had filed a petition for pardon in the hope of removing one of the criminal convictions from his record.
In September, 1949, Pino’s efforts to evade deportation met with success. He was granted a full pardon by the Acting Governor of Massachusetts. The pardon meant that his record no longer contained the second conviction; thus, the Immigration and Naturalization Service no longer had grounds to deport him.
On January 10, 1953, following his appearance before the Federal Grand Jury in connection with the Brink’s case, Pino was taken into custody again as a deportable alien. The new proceedings were based upon the fact that Pino had been arrested in December, 1948, for a larceny involving less than $100. He received a one-year sentence for this offense; however, on January 30, 1950, the sentence was revoked and the case was “placed on file.”
On January 12, 1953, Pino was released on bail pending a deportation hearing. Again, he determined to fight, using the argument that his conviction for the 1948 larceny offense was not a basis for deportation. After surrendering himself in December, 1953, in compliance with an Immigration and Naturalization Service order, he began an additional battle to win release from custody while his case was being argued. Adding to these problems was the constant pressure being exerted upon Pino by O’Keefe from the county jail in Towanda, Pennsylvania.
In the deportation fight which lasted more than two years, Pino won the final victory. His case had gone to the highest court in the land. On April 11, 1955, the Supreme Court ruled that Pino’s conviction in 1948 for larceny (the sentence which was revoked and the case “placed on file”) had not “attained such finality as to support an order of deportation....” Thus, Pino could not be deported.
During the period in which Pino’s deportation troubles were mounting, O’Keefe completed his sentence at Towanda, Pennsylvania. Released to McKean County, Pennsylvania, authorities early in January, 1954, to stand trial for burglary, larceny, and receiving stolen goods, O’Keefe also was confronted with a detainer filed by Massachusetts authorities. The detainer involved O’Keefe’s violation of probation in connection with a conviction in 1945 for carrying concealed weapons.
Before his trial in McKean County, he was released on $17,000 bond. While on bond he returned to Boston; and on January 23, 1954, he appeared in the Boston Municipal Court on the probation violation charge. When this case was continued until April 1, 1954, O’Keefe was released on $1,500 bond. During his brief stay in Boston, he was observed to contact other members of the robbery gang. He needed money for his defense against the charges in McKean County, and it was obvious that he had developed a bitter attitude toward a number of his close underworld associates.
Returning to Pennsylvania in February, 1954, to stand trial, O’Keefe was found guilty of burglary by the state court in McKean County on March 4, 1954. An appeal was promptly noted, and he was released on $15,000 bond.
O’Keefe immediately returned to Boston to await the results of the appeal. Within two months of his return, another member of the gang suffered a legal setback. “Jazz” Maffie was convicted of Federal income tax evasion and began serving a nine-month sentence in the Federal Penitentiary at Danbury, Connecticut, in June, 1954.
Hatred and Dissension Increase
Underworld rumors alleged that Maffie and Henry Baker were “high on O’Keefe’s list” because they had “beaten him out of” a large amount of money. If Baker heard these rumors, he did not wait around very long to see whether they were true. Soon after O’Keefe’s return in March, 1954, Baker and his wife left Boston on a “vacation.”
O’Keefe paid his “respects” to other members of the Brink’s gang in Boston on several occasions in the Spring of 1954, and it was obvious to the agents handling the investigation that he was trying to solicit money. He was so cold and persistent in these dealings with his co-conspirators that the agents hoped he might be attempting to obtain a large sum of money—perhaps his share of the Brink’s loot.
During these weeks, O’Keefe renewed his association with a Boston racketeer who had actively solicited funds for the defense of O’Keefe and Gusciora in 1950. Soon the underworld rang with startling news concerning this pair. It was reported that on May 18, 1954, O’Keefe and his racketeer associate took Vincent Costa to a hotel room and held him for several thousand dollars’ ransom. Allegedly, other members of the Brink’s gang arranged for O’Keefe to be paid a small part of the ransom he demanded, and Costa was released on May 20, 1954.
Special agents subsequently interviewed Costa and his wife, Pino and his wife, the racketeer, and O’Keefe. All denied any knowledge of the alleged incident. Nonetheless, several members of the Brink’s gang were visibly shaken and appeared to be abnormally worried during the latter part of May and early in June,1954.
Two weeks of comparative quiet in the gang members’ lives were shattered on June 5, 1954, when an attempt was made on O’Keefe’s life. The Boston underworld rumbled with reports that an automobile had pulled alongside O’Keefe’s car in Dorchester, Massachusetts, during the early morning hours of June 5. Apparently suspicious, O’Keefe crouched low in the front seat of his car as the would-be assassins fired bullets which pierced the windshield.
A second shooting incident occurred on the morning of June 14, 1954, in Dorchester, Massachusetts, when O’Keefe and his racketeer friend paid a visit to Baker. By this time, Baker was suffering from a bad case of nerves. Allegedly, he pulled a gun on O’Keefe; several shots were exchanged by the two men, but none of the bullets found their mark. Baker fled and the brief meeting adjourned.
A third attempt on O’Keefe’s life was made on June 16, 1954. This incident also took place in Dorchester and involved the firing of more than 30 shots. O’Keefe was wounded in the wrist and chest, but again he managed to escape with his life. Police who arrived to investigate found a large amount of blood, a man’s shattered wrist watch, and a .45 caliber pistol at the scene. Five bullets which had missed their mark were found in a building nearby.
On June 17, 1954, the Boston police arrested Elmer “Trigger” Burke and charged him with possession of a machine gun. Subsequently, this machine gun was identified as having been used in the attempt on O’Keefe’s life. Burke, a professional killer, allegedly had been hired by underworld associates of O’Keefe to assassinate him.
After being wounded on June 16, O’Keefe disappeared. On August 1, 1954, he was arrested at Leicester, Massachusetts, and turned over to the Boston police who held him for violating probation on a gun-carrying charge. O’Keefe was sentenced on August 5, 1954, to serve 27 months in prison. As a protective measure, he was incarcerated in the Hampden County Jail at Springfield, Massachusetts, rather than the Suffolk County Jail in Boston.
O’Keefe’s racketeer associate, who allegedly had assisted him in holding Costa for ransom and was present during the shooting scrape between O’Keefe and Baker, disappeared on August 3, 1954. The missing racketeer’s automobile was found near his home; however, his whereabouts remain a mystery. Underworld figures in Boston have generally speculated that the racketeer was killed because of his association with O’Keefe.
Other members of the robbery gang also were having their troubles. There was James Ignatius Faherty, an armed robbery specialist whose name had been mentioned in underworld conversations in January, 1950, concerning a “score” on which the gang members used binoculars to watch their intended victims count large sums of money. Faherty had been questioned on the night of the robbery. He claimed he had been drinking in various taverns from approximately 5:10 p.m. until 7:45 p.m. Some persons claimed to have seen him. Continuous investigation, however, had linked him with the gang.
In 1936 and 1937, Faherty was convicted of armed robbery violations. He was paroled in the Fall of 1944, and remained on parole through March, 1954, when “misfortune” befell him. Due to unsatisfactory conduct, drunkenness, refusal to seek employment, and association with known criminals, his parole was revoked and he was returned to the Massachusetts State Prison. Seven months later, however, he was again paroled.
McGinnis had been arrested at the site of a still in New Hampshire in February, 1954. Charged with unlawful possession of liquor distillery equipment and violation of Internal Revenue laws, he had many headaches during the period in which O’Keefe was giving so much trouble to the gang. (McGinnis’ trial in March, 1955, on the liquor charge, resulted in a sentence to 30 days’ imprisonment and a fine of $1,000. In the Fall of 1955, an upper court overruled the conviction on the grounds that the search and seizure of the still were illegal.)
Adolph Maffie, who had been convicted of income tax violation in June, 1954, was released from the Federal Corrections Institution at Danbury, Connecticut, on January 30, 1955. Two days before Maffie’s release, another strong suspect died of natural causes. There were recurring rumors that this hoodlum, Joseph Sylvester Banfield, had been “right down there” on the night of the crime. Banfield had been a close associate of McGinnis for many years. Although he had been known to carry a gun, burglary—rather than armed robbery—was his criminal specialty; and his exceptional driving skill was an invaluable asset during criminal getaways.
Like the others, Banfield had been questioned concerning his activities on the night of January 17, 1950. He was not able to provide a specific account, claiming that he became drunk on New Year’s Eve and remained intoxicated through the entire month of January. One of his former girl friends who recalled having seen him on the night of the robbery stated that he definitely was not drunk.
Even Pino, whose deportation troubles then were a heavy burden, was arrested by the Boston police in August, 1954. On the afternoon of August 28, 1954, “Trigger” Burke escaped from the Suffolk County Jail in Boston, where he was being held on the gun-possession charge arising from the June 16 shooting of O’Keefe. During the regular exercise period, Burke separated himself from the other prisoners and moved toward a heavy steel door leading to the solitary confinement section. As a guard moved to intercept him, Burke started to run. The door opened, and an armed masked man wearing a prison guard-type uniform commanded the guard, “Back up, or I’ll blow your brains out.” Burke and the armed man disappeared through the door and fled in an automobile parked nearby.
An automobile identified as the car used in the escape was located near a Boston hospital, and police officers concealed themselves in the area. On August 29, 1954, the officers’ suspicions were aroused by an automobile which circled the general vicinity of the abandoned car on five occasions. This vehicle was traced through motor vehicle records to Pino. On August 30, he was taken into custody as a suspicious person. Pino admitted having been in the area, claiming that he was looking for a parking place so that he could visit a relative in the hospital. After denying any knowledge of the escape of “Trigger” Burke, Pino was released. (Burke was arrested by FBI agents at Folly Beach, South Carolina, on August 27, 1955, and returned to New York to face murder charges which were outstanding against him there. He subsequently was convicted and executed.)
O’Keefe Confesses
Despite the fact that substantial amounts of money were being spent by members of the robbery gang during 1954, in defending themselves against legal proceedings alone, the year ended without the location of any bills identifiable as part of the Brink’s loot. In addition, although violent dissension had developed within the gang, there still was no indication that any of the men were ready to “talk.” Based on the available information, however, the FBI felt that O’Keefe’s disgust was reaching the point where it was possible he would turn against his confederates.
During an interview with him in the jail in Springfield, Massachusetts, in October,1954, special agents found that the plight of the missing Boston racketeer was weighing on O’Keefe’s mind. In December, 1954, he indicated to the agents that Pino could look for rough treatment if he (O’Keefe) again was released.
From his cell in Springfield, O’Keefe wrote bitter letters to members of the Brink’s gang and persisted in his demands for money. The conviction for burglary in McKean County, Pennsylvania, still hung over his head, and legal fees remained to be paid. During 1955, O’Keefe carefully pondered his position. It appeared to him that he would spend his remaining days in prison while his co-conspirators would have many years to enjoy the luxuries of life. Even if released, he thought, his days were numbered. There had been three attempts on his life in June, 1954, and his frustrated assassins undoubtedly were waiting for him to return to Boston.
Evidently resigned to long years in prison or a short life on the outside, O’Keefe grew increasingly bitter toward his old associates. Through long weeks of empty promises of assistance and deliberate stalling by the gang members, he began to realize that his threats were falling on deaf ears. As long as he was in prison, he could do no physical harm to his Boston criminal associates. And the gang felt that the chances of his “talking” were negligible because he would be implicated in the Brink’s robbery along with the others.
Two days after Christmas of 1955, FBI agents paid another visit to O’Keefe. After a period of hostility, he began to display a friendly attitude. Interviewed again on December 28, 1955, he talked somewhat more freely, and it was obvious that the agents were gradually winning his respect and confidence.
At 4:20 p.m. on January 6, 1956, O’Keefe made the final decision. He was through with Pino, Baker, McGinnis, Maffie, and the other Brink’s conspirators who had turned against him. “All right,” he told two FBI agents, “what do you want to know?”
In a series of interviews during the succeeding days, O’Keefe related the full story of the Brink’s robbery. After each interview, FBI agents worked feverishly into the night checking all parts of his story which were subject to verification. Many of the details had previously been obtained during the intense six-year investigation. Other information provided by O’Keefe helped to fill the gaps which still existed.
The following is a brief account of the data which O’Keefe provided the special agents in January, 1956:
Although basically the “brain child” of Pino, the Brink’s robbery was the product of the combined thought and criminal experience of men who had known each other for many years. Serious consideration originally had been given to robbing Brink’s in 1947, when Brink’s was located on Federal Street in Boston. At that time, Pino approached O’Keefe and asked if he wanted to be “in on the score.” His close associate, Stanley Gusciora, had previously been recruited, and O’Keefe agreed to take part. The gang at that time included all of the participants in the January 17, 1950, robbery except Henry Baker. Their plan was to enter the Brink’s building and take a truck containing payrolls. Many problems and dangers were involved in such a robbery, and the plans never crystallized.
In December, 1948, Brink’s moved from Federal Street to 165 Prince Street in Boston. Almost immediately, the gang began laying new plans. The roofs of buildings on Prince and Snow Hill Streets soon were alive with inconspicuous activity as the gang looked for the most advantageous sites from which to observe what transpired inside Brink’s offices. Binoculars were used in this phase of the “casing” operation.
Before the robbery was carried out, all the participants were well acquainted with the Brink’s premises. Each of them had surreptitiously entered the premises on several occasions after the employees had left for the day. During their forays inside the building, members of the gang took the lock cylinders from five doors, including the one opening onto Prince Street. While some gang members remained in the building to ensure that no one detected the operation, other members quickly obtained keys to fit the locks. Then the lock cylinders were replaced. (Investigation to substantiate this information resulted in the location of the proprietor of a key shop who recalled making keys for Pino on at least four or five evenings in the Fall of 1949. Pino previously had arranged for this man to keep his shop open beyond the normal closing time on nights when Pino requested him to do so. Pino would take the locks to the man’s shop, and keys would be made for them. This man subsequently identified locks from doors which the Brink’s gang had entered as being similar to the locks which Pino had brought him. This man claimed to have no knowledge of Pino’s involvement in the Brink’s robbery.)
Each of the five lock cylinders was taken on a separate occasion. The removal of the lock cylinder from the outside door involved the greatest risk of detection. A passerby might notice that it was missing. Accordingly, another lock cylinder was installed until the original one was returned.Inside the building, the gang members carefully studied all available information concerning Brink’s schedules and shipments. The “casing” operation was so thorough that the criminals could determine the type of activity taking place in the Brink’s offices by observing the lights inside the building, and they knew the number of personnel on duty at various hours of the day.
A few months prior to the robbery, O’Keefe and Gusciora surreptitiously entered the premises of a protective alarm company in Boston and obtained a copy of the protective plans for the Brink’s building. After these plans were reviewed and found to be unhelpful, O’Keefe and Gusciora returned them in the same manner. McGinnis previously had discussed sending a man to the United States Patent Office in Washington, D.C., to inspect the patents on the protective alarms used in the Brink’s building.
Considerable thought was given to every detail. When the robbers decided that they needed a truck, it was resolved that a new one must be stolen because a used truck might have distinguishing marks and possibly would not be in perfect running condition. Shortly thereafter—during the first week of November—a 1949 green Ford stake-body truck was reported missing by a car dealer in Boston.During November and December, 1949, the approach to the Brink’s building and the flight over the “getaway” route were practiced to perfection. The month preceding January 17, 1950, witnessed approximately a half-dozen approaches to Brink’s. None of these materialized because the gang did not consider the conditions to be favorable.
During these approaches, Costa—equipped with a flashlight for signalling the other men— was stationed on the roof of a tenement building on Prince Street overlooking Brink’s. From this “lookout” post, Costa was in a position to determine better than the men below whether conditions inside the building were favorable to the robbers.
The last “false” approach took place on January 16, 1950—the night before the robbery.
At approximately 7:00 p.m. on January 17, 1950, members of the gang met in the Roxbury section of Boston and entered the rear of the Ford stake-body truck. Banfield, the driver, was alone in the front. In the back were Pino, O’Keefe, Baker, Faherty, Maffie, Gusciora, Michael Vincent Geagan, and Thomas Francis Richardson.
(Geagan and Richardson, known associates of other members of the gang, were among the early suspects. At the time of the Brink’s robbery, Geagan was on parole, having been released from prison in July, 1943, after serving eight years of a lengthy sentence for armed robbery and assault. Richardson had participated with Faherty in an armed robbery in February 1934. Sentenced to serve from five to seven years for this offense, he was released from prison in September, 1941. When questioned concerning his activities on the night of January 17, 1950, Richardson claimed that after unsuccessfully looking for work he had several drinks and then returned home. Geagan claimed that he spent the evening at home and did not learn of the Brink’s robbery until the following day. Investigation revealed that Geagan, a laborer, had not gone to work on January 17 or 18, 1950.)
During the trip from Roxbury, Pino distributed Navy-type peacoats and chauffeur’s caps to the other seven men in the rear of the truck. Each man also was given a pistol and a Halloween-type mask. Each carried a pair of gloves. O’Keefe wore crepe-soled shoes to muffle his footsteps; the others wore rubbers.
As the truck drove past the Brink’s offices, the robbers noted that the lights were out on the Prince Street side of the building. This was in their favor. After continuing up the street to the end of the playground which adjoined the Brink’s building, the truck stopped. All but Pino and Banfield stepped out and proceeded into the playground to await Costa’s signal. (Costa, who was at his “lookout” post, previously had arrived in a Ford sedan which the gang had stolen from behind the Boston Symphony Hall two days earlier.)
After receiving the “go ahead” signal from Costa, the seven armed men walked to the Prince Street entrance of Brink’s. Using the outside door key they had previously obtained, the men quickly entered and donned their masks. The other keys in their possession enabled them to proceed to the second floor where they took the five Brink’s employees by surprise.
When the employees were securely bound and gagged, the robbers began looting the premises. During this operation, a pair of glasses belonging to one of the employees was unconsciously scooped up with other items and stuffed into a bag of loot. As this bag was being emptied later that evening, the glasses were discovered and destroyed by the gang.
The robbers’ carefully planned routine inside Brink’s was interrupted only when the attendant in the adjoining Brink’s garage sounded the buzzer. Before the robbers could take him prisoner, the garage attendant walked away. Although the attendant did not suspect that the robbery was taking place, this incident caused the criminals to move more swiftly.
Before fleeing with the bags of loot, the seven armed men attempted to open a metal box containing the payroll of the General Electric Company. They had brought no tools with them, however, and were unsuccessful.
Immediately upon leaving, the gang loaded the loot into the truck which was parked on Prince Street near the door. As the truck sped away with nine members of the gang—and Costa departed in the stolen Ford sedan—the Brink’s employees worked themselves free and reported the crime.
Banfield drove the truck to the house of Maffie’s parents in Roxbury. The loot was quickly unloaded, and Banfield sped away to hide the truck. (Geagan, who was on parole at the time, left the truck before it arrived at the home in Roxbury where the loot was unloaded. He was certain he would be considered a strong suspect and wanted to begin establishing an alibi immediately.) While the others stayed at the house to make a quick count of the loot, Pino and Faherty departed.
Approximately one and one-half hours later, Banfield returned with McGinnis. Prior to this time, McGinnis had been at his liquor store. He was not with the gang when the robbery took place.
The gang members who remained at the house of Maffie’s parents soon dispersed to establish alibis for themselves. Before they left, however, approximately $380,000 was placed in a coal hamper and removed by Baker for security reasons. Pino, Richardson, and Costa each took $20,000, and this was noted on a score sheet.
Before removing the remainder of the loot from the house on January 18, 1950, the gang members attempted to identify incriminating items. Extensive efforts were made to detect pencil markings and other notations on the currency which the criminals thought might be traceable to Brink’s. Even fearing the new bills might be linked with the crime, McGinnis suggested a process for “aging” the new money “in a hurry.”
On the night of January 18, 1950, O’Keefe and Gusciora received $100,000 each from the robbery loot. They put the entire $200,000 in the trunk of O’Keefe’s automobile. Subsequently, O’Keefe left his car—and the $200,000—in a garage on Blue Hill Avenue in Boston.
During the period immediately following the Brink’s robbery, “the heat” was on O’Keefe and Gusciora. Thus, when he and Gusciora were taken into custody by state authorities during the latter part of January, 1950, O’Keefe got word to McGinnis to recover his car and the $200,000 which it contained.
A few weeks later, O’Keefe retrieved his share of the loot. It was given to him in a suitcase which was transferred to his car from an automobile occupied by McGinnis and Banfield. Later, when he counted the money, he found that the suitcase contained $98,000. He had been “short changed” $2,000.
O’Keefe had no place to keep so large a sum of money. He told the interviewing agents that he trusted Maffie so implicitly that he gave the money to him for safe keeping. Except for $5,000 which he took before placing the loot in Maffie’s care, O’Keefe angrily stated, he was never to see his share of the Brink’s money again. While Maffie claimed that part of the money had been stolen from its hiding place and that the remainder had been spent in financing O’Keefe’s legal defense in Pennsylvania, other gang members accused Maffie of “blowing” the money O’Keefe had entrusted to his care.
O’Keefe was bitter about a number of matters. First, there was the money. Then, there was the fact that so much “dead wood” was included—McGinnis, Banfield, Costa, and Pino were not in the building when the robbery took place. O’Keefe was enraged that the pieces of the stolen Ford truck had been placed on the dump near his home, and he generally regretted having become associated at all with several members of the gang.
Before the robbery was committed, the participants had agreed that if anyone “muffed,” he would be “taken care of.” O’Keefe felt that most of the gang members had “muffed.” Talking to the FBI was his way of “taking care of” them all.
Arrests and Indictments
On January 11, 1956, the United States Attorney at Boston authorized special agents of the FBI to file complaints charging the 11 criminals with (1) conspiracy to commit theft of government property, robbery of government property, and bank robbery by force and violence and by intimidation, (2) committing bank robbery on January 17, 1950, and committing an assault on Brink’s employees during the taking of the money, and (3) conspiracy to receive and conceal money in violation of the Bank Robbery and Theft of Government Property Statutes. In addition, McGinnis was named in two other complaints involving the receiving and concealing of the loot.
Six members of the gang—Baker, Costa, Geagan, Maffie, McGinnis, and Pino— were arrested by FBI agents on January 12, 1956. They were held in lieu of bail which, for each man, amounted to more then $100,000.
Three of the remaining five gang members were previously accounted for, O’Keefe and Gusciora being in prison on other charges and Banfield being dead. Faherty and Richardson fled to avoid apprehension and subsequently were placed on the list of the FBI’s “Ten Most Wanted Fugitives.” Their success in evading arrest ended abruptly on May 16, 1956, when FBI agents raided the apartment in which they were hiding in Dorchester, Massachusetts. At the time of their arrest, Faherty and Richardson were rushing for three loaded revolvers which they had left on a chair in the bathroom of the apartment. The hideout also was found to contain more than $5,000 in coins. (The arrests of Faherty and Richardson also resulted in the indictment of another Boston hoodlum, as an accessory after the fact).
As a cooperative measure, the information gathered by the FBI in the Brink’s investigation was made available to the District Attorney of Suffolk County, Massachusetts. On January 13, 1956, the Suffolk County Grand Jury returned indictments against the 11 members of the Brink’s gang. O’Keefe was the principal witness to appear before the state grand jurors.
Part of the Loot Recovered
Despite the arrests and indictments in January, 1956, more than $2,775,000, including $1,218,211.29 in cash, was still missing. O’Keefe did not know where the gang members had hidden their shares of the loot—or where they had disposed of the money if, in fact, they had disposed of their shares. The other gang members would not talk.
Early in June, 1956, however, an unexpected “break” developed. At approximately 7:30 p.m. on June 3, 1956, an officer of the Baltimore, Maryland, Police Department was approached by the operator of an amusement arcade. “I think a fellow just passed a counterfeit $10.00 bill on me,” he told the officer.
In examining the bill, a Federal Reserve note, the officer observed that it was in musty condition. The amusement arcade operator told the officer that he had followed the man who passed this $10.00 bill to a nearby tavern. This man, subsequently identified as a small-time Boston underworld figure, was located and questioned. While the officer and amusement arcade operator were talking to him, the hoodlum reached into his pocket, quickly withdrew his hand again and covered his hand with a raincoat he was carrying. Two other Baltimore police officers who were walking along the street nearby noted this maneuver. One of these officers quickly grabbed the criminal’s hand, and a large roll of money fell from it.
The hoodlum was taken to police headquarters where a search of his person disclosed he was carrying more than $1,000, including $860 in musty, worn bills. A Secret Service agent, who had been summoned by the Baltimore officers, arrived while the criminal was being questioned at the police headquarters; and after examining the money found in the bill changer’s possession, he certified that it was not counterfeit.
This underworld character told the officers that he had found this money. He claimed there was a large roll of bills in his hotel room—and that he had found that money, too. The criminal explained that he was in the contracting business in Boston and that in late March or early April, 1956, he stumbled upon a plastic bag containing this money while he was working on the foundation of a house.
A search of the hoodlum’s room in a Baltimore hotel (registered to him under an assumed name) resulted in the location of $3,780 which the officers took to police headquarters. At approximately 9:50 p.m., the details of this incident were furnished to the Baltimore Field Office of the FBI. Much of the money taken from the money changer appeared to have been stored a long time. The serial numbers of several of these bills were furnished to the FBI Office in Baltimore. They were checked against serial numbers of bills known to have been included in the Brink’s loot, and it was determined that the Boston criminal possessed part of the money which had been dragged away by the seven masked gunmen on January 17, 1950.
Of the $4,822 found in the small-time criminal’s possession, FBI agents identified $4,635 as money taken by the Brink’s robbers. Interviews with him on June 3 and 4, 1956, disclosed that this 31-year-old hoodlum had a record of arrests and convictions dating back to his “teens” and that he had been conditionally released from a Federal prison camp less than a year before—having served slightly more than two years of a three-year sentence for transporting a falsely made security interstate. At the time of his arrest, there also was a charge of armed robbery outstanding against him in Massachusetts.
During questioning by the FBI, the money changer stated that he was in business as a mason contractor with another man on Tremont Street in Boston. He advised that he and his associate shared office space with an individual known to him only as “Fat John.” According to the Boston hoodlum, on the night of June 1, 1956, “Fat John” asked him to rip a panel from a section of the wall in the office; and when the panel was removed, “Fat John” reached into the opening and removed the cover from a metal container. Inside this container were packages of bills which had been wrapped in plastic and newspapers. “Fat John” announced that each of the packages contained $5,000. “This is good money,” he said, “but you can’t pass it around here in Boston.”
According to the criminal who was arrested in Baltimore, “Fat John” subsequently told him that the money was part of the Brink’s loot and offered him $5,000 if he would “pass” $30,000 of the bills.
The Boston hoodlum told FBI agents in Baltimore that he accepted six of the packages of money from “Fat John.” The following day (June 2, 1956), he left Massachusetts with $4,750 of these bills and began passing them. He arrived in Baltimore on the morning of June 3 and was picked up by the Baltimore Police Department that evening.
The full details of this important development were immediately furnished to the FBI Office in Boston. “Fat John” and the business associate of the man arrested in Baltimore were located and interviewed on the morning of June 4, 1956. Both denied knowledge of the loot which had been recovered. That same afternoon (following the admission that “Fat John” had produced the money and had described it as proceeds from the Brink’s robbery), a search warrant was executed in Boston covering the Tremont Street offices occupied by the three men. The wall partition described by the Boston criminal was located in “Fat John’s” office, and when the partition was removed, a picnic-type cooler was found. This cooler contained more than $57,700, including $51,906 which was identifiable as part of the Brink’s loot.
The discovery of this money in the Tremont Street offices resulted in the arrests of both “Fat John” and the business associate of the criminal who had been arrested in Baltimore. Both men remained mute following their arrests. On June 5 and June 7, the Suffolk County Grand Jury returned indictments against the three men—charging them with several state offenses involving their possessing money obtained in the Brink’s robbery. (Following pleas of guilty in November, 1956, “Fat John” received a two-year sentence, and the other two men were sentenced to serve one year’s imprisonment.)
(After serving his sentence, “Fat John” resumed a life of crime. On June 19, 1958, while out on appeal in connection with a five-year narcotics sentence, he was found shot to death in an automobile which had crashed into a truck in Boston.)
The money inside the cooler which was concealed in the wall of the Tremont Street office was wrapped in plastic and newspaper. Three of the newspapers used to wrap the bills were identified. All had been published in Boston between December 4, 1955, and February 21, 1956. The FBI also succeeded in locating the carpenter who had remodeled the offices where the loot was hidden. His records showed that he had worked on the offices early in April, 1956, under instructions of “Fat John.” The loot could not have been hidden behind the wall panel prior to that time.
Because the money in the cooler was in various stages of decomposition, an accurate count proved most difficult to make. Some of the bills were in pieces. Others fell apart as they were handled. Examination by the FBI Laboratory subsequently disclosed that the decomposition, discoloration, and matting together of the bills were due, at least in part, to the fact that all of the bills had been wet. It was positively concluded that the packages of currency had been damaged prior to the time they were wrapped in the pieces of newspaper; and there were indications that the bills previously had been in a canvas container which was buried in ground consisting of sand and ashes. In addition to mold, insect remains also were found on the loot.
Even with the recovery of this money in Baltimore and Boston, more than $1,150,000 of currency taken in the Brink’s robbery remained unaccounted for.
Death of Gusciora
The recovery of part of the loot was a severe blow to the gang members who still awaited trial in Boston. Had any particles of evidence been found in the loot which might directly show that they had handled it? This was a question which preyed heavily upon their minds.
In July, 1956, another significant turn of events took place. Stanley Gusciora, who had been transferred to Massachusetts from Pennsylvania to stand trial, was placed under medical care due to weakness, dizziness, and vomiting. On the afternoon of July 9, he was visited by a clergyman. During this visit, Gusciora got up from his bed, and, in full view of the clergyman, slipped to the floor, striking his head. Two hours later he was dead. Examination revealed the cause of his death to be a brain tumor and acute cerebral edema.
O’Keefe and Gusciora had been close friends for many years. When O’Keefe admitted his part in the Brink’s robbery to FBI agents in January, 1956, he told of his high regard for Gusciora. As a Government witness, he reluctantly would have testified against him. Gusciora now had passed beyond the reach of all human authority; and O’Keefe was all the more determined to see that justice would be done.
Trial of Remaining Defendants
With the death of Gusciora, only eight members of the Brink’s gang remained to be tried. (On January 18, 1956, O’Keefe had pleaded guilty to the armed robbery of Brink’s.) The trial of these eight men began on the morning of August 6, 1956, before Judge Feliz Forte in the Suffolk County Courthouse in Boston. The defense immediately filed motions which would delay or prevent the trial. All were denied, and the impaneling of the jury was begun on August 7.
In the succeeding two weeks, nearly 1,200 prospective jurors were eliminated as the defense counsel used their 262 peremptory challenges. Another week passed—and approximately 500 more citizens were considered—before the 14-member jury was assembled.
More than 100 persons took the stand as witnesses for the prosecution and the defense during September, 1956. The most important of these, “Specs” O’Keefe, carefully recited the details of the crime, clearly spelling out the role played by each of the eight defendants.
At 10:25 p.m. on October 5, 1956, the jury retired to weigh the evidence. Three and one-half hours later, the verdict had been reached. All were guilty.
The eight men were sentenced by Judge Forte on October 9, 1956, Pino, Costa, Maffie, Geagan, Faherty, Richardson, and Baker received life sentences for robbery, two-year sentences for conspiracy to steal, and sentences of 8 years to 10 years for breaking and entering at night. McGinnis, who had not been at the scene on the night of the robbery, received a life sentence on each of eight indictments which charged him with being an accessory before the fact in connection with the Brink’s robbery. In addition, McGinnis received other sentences of two years, two and one-half to three years, and eight to ten years.
While action to appeal the convictions was being taken on their behalf, the eight men were removed to the State prison at Walpole, Massachusetts. From their prison cells, they carefully followed the legal maneuvers aimed at gaining them freedom.
The record of the state trial covered more than 5,300 pages. It was used by the defense counsel in preparing a 294-page brief which was presented to the Massachusetts State Supreme Court. After weighing the arguments presented by the attorneys for the eight convicted criminals, the State Supreme Court turned down the appeals on July 1, 1959, in a 35-page decision written by the Chief Justice.
On November 16, 1959, the United States Supreme Court denied a request of the defense counsel for a writ of certiorari.
http://www.highbeam.com/doc/1G1-103566015.html
HighBeam
RESEARCH
Articles > Reference > News Wires, White Papers, and Books > Banking Wire news wires > June 2003
Article: From Guy Waiting In Line To ATM's 30th Bday.
Article from: Banking Wire Article date: June 18, 2003
The automatic teller machine (ATM) has just turned 30.
On June 4, 1973, a trio of inventors-Don Wetzel, Tom Barnes and George Chastain-were granted a patent on the machine, the idea for which is largely credited to Wetzel even though there were attempts as early as 1939 to develop such an "automatic teller."
Wetzel said he first got the idea in 1968 while waiting in the lobby of a Dallas bank. At the time he was VP-product planning with Docutel, a manufacturer of automated baggage handling equipment for airlines and airports. The first working prototype was created in 1969, but the patent was not issued until four years later
http://www.investopedia.com/financial-edge/0609/today-in-finance-june-4---the-birth-of-the-modern-atm.aspx
INVESTOPEDIA
On This Day In Finance: June 4 - The Birth Of The Modern ATM
By Investopedia Staff on June 04, 2009
On June 4, 1973, the first patent for the automated teller machine (ATM) is awarded to Don Wetzel, Tom Barnes and George Chastain of Docutel. The patent was issued following years of research at an estimated cost of $5 million.
Although Docutel was credited with the creation of the first magstripe ATM (known as the Docuteller at the time), the idea and use of less advanced ATMs dates back to the late 1930s. Several other prototypes were introduced to the public over the next 30 years, however the free-standing magstripe machine was the eventual victor and is still used by financial institutions to this day.
The first Docuteller was installed at New York City's Chemical Bank in 1969, while the first fully functioning "Total Teller" was introduced in 1971. Following the awarding of the patent in 1973, ATMs begin to spread across the nation and have remained a constant in consumer banking.
http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=40838
The American Presidency Project
Ronald Reagan
XL President of the United States: 1981 - 1989
Remarks at a Dinner Honoring General Jimmy Doolittle
December 6, 1983
I haven't had as much trouble getting on since I did a picture with Errol Flynn. [Laughter]
I thank you, and I just wanted to say that I'm honored to accept the Jimmy Doolittle Fellowship award, who helped so many students receive technical and vocational training.
Now, ladies and gentlemen, I know that all of you feel as I do tonight, that it is an honor and a privilege to salute an authentic hero and an American legend. In this country whose history is so rich with wartime valor and genius, only a few events have held a special place in the memory of the American people: Washington's ride across the Delaware, Stonewall Jackson's ride around the Union right and then up the Shenandoah Valley, Douglas MacArthur's brilliant invasion of Inch'on, and of course the courageous and daring raid in 1942 by a handful of Americans led by Jimmy Doolittie.
And, General, if you'll forgive me, I do have a question I've been wanting to ask you for the last several weeks. How did you get away with not taking any newsmen along? [Laughter]
But seriously, General, it is for each one of us here tonight a privilege to be with you, to salute you not only for the heroism of your 30 seconds over Tokyo but for your service and devotion to our country over a great many years.
Many of us have a personal recollection of the hope that you and your men gave the American people in the darkest days of World War II. And if you don't mind me saying so, I also remember serving with you in another of your public-spirited exploits back in 1964 when we worked together for a man who was also an Air Force general known to many of you in this room and who is here tonight, Barry Goldwater.
I like to think that many of the dreams of a strong America that we had then are coming true today. This is only one more reason why the name of Jimmy Doolittle remains an inspiration to me and to the American people. The name's very mention reminds us that no matter how difficult the odds or how great the potential sacrifice, a dare for the sake of freedom and our fellow men is a dare well worth taking.
So, ladies and gentlemen, will you join me in a toast to a magnificent American, a man whose name will be remembered as long as the virtues of valor and patriotism last, Jimmy Doolittle.
Note: The President spoke at 10 p.m. in the National Air and Space Museum.
http://www.simpsonsarchive.com/episodes/AABF09.txt
Homer to the Max [ The Simpsons ]
Original Airdate on FOX: 7-Feb-99
% At Moe's Bar, a sign hangs outside: "TV Sensation Homer Simpson
% Drinks Here". Inside, Homer and the usual gang gather to catch the
% start of Police Cops". Moe wonders if TV's Homer Simpson was based on
% the "real" man. Homer insists he is, and to emphasize his point tosses
% a scarf over his shoulder, the way the TV character does.
View Larger Map
https://maps.google.com/maps?ll=34.854013,-82.398974&spn=0.007897,0.016512&t=m&z=17&layer=c&cbll=34.854295,-82.401256&panoid=unF4DZDMYoOiAx764wU6tA&cbp=12,3.13,,0,-10.03
Google Maps
232 SC-183, Greenville, South Carolina, United States
Address is approximate
http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=76608
The American Presidency Project
William Howard Taft
XXVII President of the United States: 1909 - 1913
Proclamation 873 - Establishment of the Navajo National Monument, Arizona
March 20, 1909
By the President of the United States of America
A Proclamation
Whereas, a number of prehistoric cliff dwellings and pueblo ruins, situated within the Navajo Indian Reservation, Arizona, and which are new to science and wholly unexplored, and because of their isolation and size are of the very greatest ethnological, scientific and educational interest, and it appears that the public interest would be promoted by reserving these extraordinary ruins of an unknown people, with as much land as may be necessary for the proper protection thereof:
Now, Therefore, I, William H. Taft, President of the United States of America, by virtue of the power in me vested by Section two of the Act of Congress approved June 8, 1906, entitled, "An Act for the Preservation of American Antiquities," do hereby set aside as the Navajo National Monument all prehistoric cliff dwellings, pueblo and other ruins and relics of prehistoric peoples, situated upon the Navajo Indian Reservation, Arizona, between the parallels of latitude thirty-six degrees thirty minutes North, and thirty-seven degrees North, and between longitude one hundred and ten degrees West and one hundred and ten degrees forty-five minutes West from Greenwich, more particularly located along the arroyas, canyons and their tributaries, near the sources of and draining into Laguna Creek, embracing the Bubbling Spring group, along Navajo Creek and along Moonlight and Tsagt-at-sosa canyons, together with forty acres of land upon which each ruin is located, in square form, the side lines running north and south and east and west, equidistant from the respective centers of said ruins. The diagram hereto attached and made a part of this proclamation shows the approximate location of these ruins only.
Warning is hereby expressly given to all unauthorized persons not to appropriate, excavate, injure or destroy any of the ruins or relics hereby declared to be a National Monument, or to locate or settle upon any of the lands reserved and made a part of said Monument by this proclamation.
In Witness Whereof, I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal of the United States to be affixed.
Done at the City of Washington, this 20th day of March in the year of our Lord one thousand nine hundred and nine, and of the Independence of the United States the one hundred and thirty-third.
WILLIAM HOWARD TAFT
http://www.tv.com/shows/the-simpsons/homer-to-the-max-1501/trivia/
tv.com
The Simpsons Season 10 Episode 13
Homer to the Max
Aired Sunday 8:00 PM Feb 07, 1999 on FOX
QUOTES
Burns: Ah! Max Power! How's every little thing?
Homer: You remembered my name!
Burns: Well, who could forget the name of a magnetic individual like you? Keep up the good work, Max!
Homer: Mr. Power.
Burns: Yes, of course. Mr. Power.
http://tvtango.com/series/whats_it_for
TV TANGO
What's It For?
Premiered: October 12, 1957
Network: NBC
http://www.tv.com/shows/the-simpsons/homer-to-the-max-1501/trivia/
tv.com
The Simpsons Season 10 Episode 13
Homer to the Max
Aired Sunday 8:00 PM Feb 07, 1999 on FOX
QUOTES
Marge: But I married Homer Simpson! I don't want to snuggle with Max Power.
Homer: You don't snuggle with Max Power, you strap yourself in and feel the G's!
http://www.tv.com/shows/star-trek/by-any-other-name-24934/
tv.com
Star Trek Season 2 Episode 22
By Any Other Name
Aired Unknown Feb 23, 1968 on NBC
AIRED: 2/23/68
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0029357/releaseinfo
IMDb
Torpedoed (1937)
Release Info
USA 25 September 1939
Also Known As (AKA)
(original title) Our Fighting Navy
http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0172453/bio
IMDb
Kerry Collins
Biography
Date of Birth 30 December 1972, Lebanon, Pennsylvania, USA
Birth Name Kerry Michael Collins
http://www.nfl.com/teams/carolinapanthers/statistics?season=1995&team=CAR&seasonType=
NFL
CAROLINA PANTHERS
Founded: 1995
Stats
1995
PASSING STATISTICS
Player Att Comp Yds Comp % Yds/Att TD TD % INT INT % Long Sck Sack/Lost Rating
Kerry Collins 433 214 2717 49.4 6.3 14 3.2 19 4.4 89 24 150 61.9
http://www.simpsonsarchive.com/episodes/AABF09.txt
Homer to the Max [ The Simpsons ]
Original Airdate on FOX: 7-Feb-99
% Marge and Homer, not really enthusiastic about getting on the bus,
% are pushed on by the crowd of Springfield elite. Trent, not sensing
% their reluctance, tells them they're going on a trip to save a stand of
% redwoods. Homer screams and pulls on an Emergency Exit handle. Marge
% shouts out the window at Ed Begley, Jr.
Marge: Aren't you coming, Ed?
Begley: I prefer a vehicle that doesn't hurt Mother Earth. It's a go-cart, powered by my own sense of self-satisfaction.
[Begley attaches a wired-helmet to his head and quickly drives off]
http://www.tv.com/shows/faraday-and-company/say-hello-to-a-dead-man-63312/
tv.com
Faraday and Company Season 1 Episode 1
Aired Wednesday 8:30 PM Sep 26, 1973 on NBC
AIRED: 9/26/73
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0187112/releaseinfo
IMDb
H.M.S. Pinafore (1973 TV Movie)
Release Info
USA 23 November 1973
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1973_in_aviation
1973 in aviation
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a list of aviation-related events from 1973:
November 23 – An improvised explosive device detonates aboard Argo 16, an Italian Air Force C-47 Dakota used by the Italian Secret Service and the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency for electronic surveillance over the Adriatic Sea and to interfere with Yugoslavia's radar network, causing the aircraft to crash at Marghera, Italy, killing all four people on board.
http://www.cambridgeclarion.org/press_cuttings/gladio.parliamentary.committee_indep_1dec1990.html
Cambridge Clarion
Gladio is still opening wounds
Charles Richards, Independent, 1 December 1990, page 12
From Charles Richards in Rome
OPERATION GLADIO has been dismantled. General Paolo Inzerilli, chief of staff of the Italian security service Sismi, told the parliamentary commission on terrorism that the Prime Minister issued the order on Wednesday. A month ago the organisation, named after the Roman gladius or short, double-edged sword, had been frozen.
The gladiators may have been demobbed, but Gladio continues to make short, sharp stabs - mostly in the back - wielded and exploited to advance that most favoured of Italian pastimes, political intrigue.
Hearings continue. On Wednesday, the parliamentary committee on the secret services investigating the Gladio affair heard testimony from three former prime ministers - Amintore Fanfani, Ciriaco De Mita and Bettino Craxi. No wonder Giulio Andreotti, who heads the 49th government since the Second World War, greeted news of Margaret Thatcher's resignation with the quip: "We Italians do not find a change of prime ministers such a traumatic experience."
Mr Fanfani told the parliamentary body he knew nothing. Mr De Mita acknowledged he had been informed. Mr Craxi repeated that the whole issue was not clear. Politicians and ex-secret service chiefs have been filing in and out of this hearing and a parliamentary committee on terrorism. Traffic has been busy, too, through the chambers of Felice Casson and Carlo Mastelloni, the two tenacious investigating magistrates in Venice who are trying to uncover the truth about some unsolved terrorist attacks in the 1970s. Generals have spoken out on television and radio, forests of newsprint have been printed. But to date the ghosts of the gladiatori have not clambered out of their arena to cut short the political careers of any of the men who set up the organisation and kept it going.
There have of course been hints, suggestions, innuendoes, that members of Gladio were responsible for incidents in Italy's murky past. General Gerardo Serravalle, head of Gladio from 1971 to 1974, told a television programme that he now thought the explosion aboard the plane Argo 16 on 23 November 1973 was probably the work of gladiatori who were refusing to hand over their clandestine arms. Until then it was widely believed the sabotage was carried out by Mossad, the Israeli foreign secret service, in retaliation for the pro-Libyan Italian government's decision to expel, rather than try, five Arabs who had tried to blow up an Israeli air-liner. The Arabs had been spirited out of the country on board the Argo 16.
Admiral Stansfield Turner, the former head of the CIA, refused in a television interview to answer questions about Gladio. At the end of the interview, the questioner asked him about Licio Gelli, who headed the secret masonic lodge P2 whose members included military officers, politicians, industrialists and secret service chiefs. Admiral Turner ripped off his microphone and shouted: "I said, no questions about Gladio." A forced admission about the link between Gladio and P2, held responsible for right-wing terrorism? Or the confused reaction of a man no loner in command of the facts?
No political heads have had to roll, but then in Italy accountability does not feature in most politicians vocabulary. The affair has, however, already had political consequences. At the centre had been the man who has had his hands in every stage of Italian history since the war - Giulio Andreotti. The left has been gunning for him. He has given three different stories. He said first that Gladio never existed, then that it no longer existed, then that it it did, but was inoperative. Then it was revealed that he had donated a billiard table to the training barracks for Gladio on Sardinia, emblazoned with a plaque recording the gift.
Yet it was Mr Andreotti who made the first public declaration about Gladio, giving unsolicited testimony to the parliamentary committee on terrorism. Why? Was it because he realised the Venice magistrates were closing in, and he preferred a controlled explosion to one out of his hands?
The result has been to unite his own Christian Democrat party, which has re-elected the out-of-favour Mr De Mita from the party's left wing as chairman. For the left has closed ranks over Gladio, bringing to and end, however temporarily, the internal feuding. At the same time, the Socialist Mr Craxi, and the Republican Giovanni Spadolini, have been greatly embarrassed.
Their protestations that they knew nothing of Gladio, or that they had been under-informed, reveal something of their attitude to government during Mr Craxi's four years as prime minister from August 1983, when Mr Spadolini was his defence minister. How could a Socialist prime minister, for the first time with access to the greatest secrets of the state so long denied to his party, have failed to realise their importance and make political capital?
The Socialists' discomfiture also puts off prospects for closer ties with the Communists, desperately in need of an issue to rally around, as the Communist Party - the largest in Europe - seeks to maintain support while it undergoes its transformation of name and ideology. But once again the Communists have shown themselves a good party of opposition, rather than an alternative government. They organised rallies, demanding the truth.
President Francesco Cossiga told them to forget the "ghosts of the past". He was accused of over-stepping his constitutional role as head of state for all Italians, thus threatening his chances for the succession in 1992. And how could Italy forget the terrible roll of unsolved incidents: 16 killed at the Piazza Fontana in Milan on 12 December 1969; seven killed in the attack on a train at Gioia Tauro on 22 July 1970; eight killed at the Piazza Loggia, Brescia, on 28 May 1974; 12 killed on the Italicus train at San Benedetto Val di Sambro on 4 August 1974; 81 killed in the Itavia DC9 off Ustica on 27 June 1980; 85 killed at the Bologna station bombing on 2 August 1980; 15 killed on Train 904 at San Benedetto Val di Sambro on 23 December 1984?
For the moment, the answers have not been forthcoming. The conspiracy theorists - of whom Italy has many - say that is because everyone is implicated and no one wants the truth to come out.
http://www.lastoriasiamonoi.rai.it/puntate/argo-16/855/default.aspx
RAI.IT
Argo 16 - A mystery never clarified
On 23 November 1973, at seven in the morning, a plane C47 Dakota Air Force, crashed on the ground after taking off from the airport of Venice. The disaster causing four deaths, including the Commander Borreo , an experienced pilot, highly decorated during the Second World War. The code name of that plane is Argo 16, named in reference to the mythological giant 'Argo all-seeing'. The aircraft, in fact, held special missions to the Italian Secret Service inside the armed forces and carried the Adriatic electronic measures against Yugoslav radar network. Behind Argo 16 hides still a mystery never clarified, an intrigue involving the Secret Service The conflict in the Middle East, Gladio and the Cold War.
DEPTH
A few weeks before
he had arrived in Rome a commando of five Palestinians of Libyan origin that agents of the SID (Italian secret services) start to be monitored: microphones in the room, under officers and interpreters, stalking, etc'Il SID soon discovers that the five Lebanese have rented an apartment in Ostia that hides two Russian missiles Strela , and schedules of airlines Israeli Fiumicino Airport in Rome. An important feature was the terrace surrounding the house, exactly perpendicular to the lines of aerial takeoff. The hypothesis of the attack was unclear. The five were immediately arrested. But the then Foreign Minister Aldo Moro, from the order to return the five prisoners, after protests from Libya. So two men are immediately brought back home, the other three, however, are kept under stationary for a while '. It's up to the Captain La Bruna's SID , bring home the first two Libyans: precisely on that occasion is used the plane Argo 16. The first stop is made ??in Malta, where we waited for someone to take the prisoners freed. But no aircraft never arrived then leave for Tripoli to be returned to Gaddafi that he would deliver the prisoners in Al-Fatah , the organization is part of the PLO . " The Israeli intelligence were very annoyed by this return -racconta Ambrogio Viviani , Chief Counterintelligence SID , 1970-'74 - also because we had helped schedando the five that we had stopped. We explained that we had received orders from the government. " Argo 16 at that time was in the middle of an operation covered the SID . E 'was therefore no coincidence that only three weeks later, that same plane crashes on the track of Venice Tessera. On 23 November '73 The afternoon prior to the disaster, on November 22, '73, the C47 Dakota had arrived from Rome and then start again the next morning to the base of Aviano . At 7 am, the plane Argo 16 (which overnight had been standing on the runway of Venice), take place the Commander Anano Borreo , Lieutenant Colonel Mario Grande, the Marshals Aldo Schiavone and Francesco Bernardini. It was the same crew that, less than a month before, had brought the Palestinians in Tripoli. At 7:30 the plane Argo 16 takes off, but came to the share of 2,500 feet, crashes, falling on establishment Montefibre of Porto Marghera , the industrial hub a short distance from the airport . According to Luigi Borreo , his father, the commander of the crew Argo 16, Anano Borreo , have long feared for his life: he was well aware that his work led him constantly at the center of situations delicate and dangerous. At a time of great international tension (a few weeks before it was, in fact, fought the Yom Kippur War, in which Italy had provided assistance and logistical support to Israel), even the Secret Service Italians realize that behind the disaster Argo 16 could be an attack. On 29 November 1973, in Rome, Palazzo Baracchini, the headquarters of the CIS , held a meeting to assign new homes to military attaches. Were present Vito Miceli, head of the SID , the General Gianadelio Maletti and several other officers. During that circumstance is precisely Maletti to say that most probably it had been an act of sabotage carried out by the Israeli Secret Service. Moreover, the Italian policy of double track (one side the Atlantic alliance with the support for Israel, and on the other the sympathy for the Arab world and the Palestinian cause), had to expect repercussions from one of the fronts. Yet Italian foreign policy was based on a very precise agreement between our government and the PLO of Arafat: a secret agreement, which would remain so for many years to come. Giovanni Pellegrino, President of the Commission Slaughter 1994-2001 says: " That pact is concluded in the fall of 1973 during the Yom Kippur War, between the Italian Foreign Ministry and the PLO . The pact stipulated that the PLO did not make attacks on national soil and we would have resulted in the release of Palestinian guerrillas who were captured on national soil . " You open the investigation in 1973 that covenant was still covered with Top Secret. Meanwhile aeronautics military opened an investigation into the disaster of Argo 16. Sebastiano Sartoretto , family lawyer Borreo tells us: " The Standing Committee at the Ministry of Defence draws conclusions, are passed to the Judiciary in 1974 and is closed the case . " For the Air Force Military the case, then, was closed: that disaster was just an accident. But in the early 80s is the General Miceli that General Viviani , with two interviews advancing public suspicions about the true cause of the disaster of Argo 16. Sebastiano Sartoretto continues: " Already between 1984 and 1986 were three articles appeared in Il Giornale , in which the General Miceli spoke of Argo 16 and said, 'was blown up'. Then on Panorama Viviani said that this was an event a bit 'bloody Services of Israel to the Italian government . " In the summer of 1986, the Attorney Venice reopen the case Argo 16. The hypothesis that works Judge Mastelloni , who had been entrusted with the case, is clear: the aircraft was shot down by the Israelis for the release of five Palestinians. After the survey took place years before, in '74, in which it was said that the causes of the disaster were unspecified, Mastelloni ordering a new leading to very different conclusions. To provide its truth is still the General Gianadelio Maletti , at the time the number two in the SID , which speaks of sabotage by the Mossad (the agency of intelligence and a secret service of the State of Israel) and a tampering. Hypothesis comparison The experts obviously begin to study what was the exact dynamics of the tragedy. The expertise of '74, request dall'Aereonautica , it was argued that in the fall of Argo 16, the first impact was between the wing of the plane and a light pole plant Montefibre : hypothesis risky because the light pole would not have been able to stay intact. The expertise of Judge Mastelloni , in contrast, argues that the plane crashed on the building of the Center of Meccanografico Montefibre . And again, according to the survey of the '74 to 16 Argo was a 'visual flight', that is, without the aid of instruments. Instead, in the expert's report ordered by Mastelloni is disproved this hypothesis, calling it an 'instrument flight'. The last point concerns the time of the disaster. The study claims the Air '74, the crew of the Argo 16 would have lost contact with the control tower of the airport of Venice at 7:33 am, while the expert report of 1986 states that the plane lost contact with the control tower just a minute later. In this investigation, not only the expertise to be contradictory to the Court of Venice, in fact, the witnesses contradict each other from the beginning. From Venice Mastelloni asks the cards on Argo 16 to the Secret Service in Rome, but these are not respond that no dossier on the aircraft had never existed. From here you start to introduce the idea of screening . The Italian foreign policy of the '70s: the award Moro " The motive Prince - says Judge Mastelloni in our interviewees was the whole package political fabric by the Italian government with the Arabs with the PLO . " This is the famous 'award Moro', so named because in the letters of the then Foreign Minister Aldo Moro are a number of specific references to the pact between Italy and PLO : an agreement with the Popular Front , which provided for the transport of weapons and explosives, in exchange for guaranteeing immunity from attack. In an article in the Corriere della Sera of 15 August, Dino Martirano writes: " Explain Pellegrino, former President Commission Slaughter: 'Moro he mentions in a letter to 'ambassador Cottafavi of 22 April '78, during his imprisonment: 'We the Palestinians we set otherwise ...'. And commenting on this letter, most recently, Miguel Gotor (author of the book "Letters from captivity," Einaudi, ed) has identified the genesis of the "award Moro" in October of '73, "the year of the Yom Kippur War." Pellegrino, then, proposes a joint that would explain the "side effects" of the award: 'The idea of the judge Mastelloni who inquired about Argo 16, although the process then not confirmed, was that there had been a retaliation of the Mossad for punish Italy to have made ??a pact with the Palestinians'. The link between Italian and Palestinian apparatuses, therefore, was so consolidated that the same Moro spends this card when it comes to save his life: "In one of the letters from captivity Moro draws experience Giovannone (head center of Sid in Beirut ed) saying that only the Palestinians could do as intermediaries with Br . ". The aircraft, registered with the code MM61832 , had previously also been used by Gladio, a secret organization founded in the 50s of type " stay- behind " ("stand behind" enemy lines) promoted by NATO to counter a possible Soviet invasion of Western Europe), to transfer the men to the training base of Cape Marrargiu , Sardinia and deliver weapons of NASCO, deposits Secrets of the Gladiators. The secrecy of Gladio will last until the '90s, after the prime minister Andreotti decides to dissolve it. In 1988, the Judge Mastelloni asks the SID (now SISMI) the list of programs carried from the plane Argo 16. but is imposed on state secrecy, also authorized by the Prime Minister of the time Ciriaco De Mita . And two years later, Mastelloni is again stopped by secrecy while investigating clandestine army. Is blocked by the director of the center of Cape Marrargiu where they trained gladiators. Yet just before the Prime Minister had assured that the secret would not be dropped on Gladio ... And 'the eternal swing of state secrecy. In March 1997, Judge Charles Mastelloni , indicts 22 officers with the Air ' charges of suppression, forgery and theft of documents concerning state security. In his judgment, in fact, " those who over the years have dealt with the investigation have systematically concealed, distorted or destroyed any element that could bring on the right track . " Among them are accused of murder Zvi Zamir , former head of the Mossad and Asa Leven , former head of the Mossad in Italy. The conclusion of the process were finally indicted nine officers, officers and consultants of the SID and SISMI. The prosecutor Remo Doe seeks an order for eight years for Maletti , Viezzer and Lehmann , absolution for all the others, given the lack of evidence, and the acquittal for Zvi Zamir , considered by Mastelloni the instigator of sabotage. The defense lawyers fail to remove all charges and 16 December 1999, the judges conclude the process by establishing that the plane fell to failure or pilot error. Yet the truth still remains a mystery.
http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=21777
The American Presidency Project
George Bush
XLI President of the United States: 1989 - 1993
Remarks Honoring the World Series Champion Toronto Blue Jays
December 16, 1992
This is about as much fun as I've had since the election, I'll tell you. I am just delighted that the Toronto Blue Jays are here. Ambassador Burney was to be here; I don't know that he is. But he's a good man. He's represented Canada well. And that brings me to the subject at hand. Is Steve -- I can't see -- there's Bobby. Hi, Steve. Bobby Brown is here, an oldtime, longtime friend, the American League president, and I appreciate your being here, and Steve Greenberg, who is the deputy commissioner of baseball and doing a superb job in that very tough office. And I want to salute Mike Reilly and Joe West, the umpires. Very little good is said in kind about the umpires, but I'm glad to stand up for them. They do a great job. And our Little League champs are here from Long Beach, California. And behind them, I'm told, the Babe Ruth champs, Babe Ruth League champions from across the Nation. So welcome to all of you.
I wish that Carla Hills were here. You might say, "Why?" She is our Trade Representative. And I thought she understood that our free trade agreement with Canada did not mean that the United States would trade away the world's championship. [Laughter] And most of these guys are very loyal to Canada and the Blue Jays, but most of them are Americans. And so we salute them as championship baseball players. I really am pleased that you could come down this festive time of year, and I'm proud to honor a team whose greatness transcends nationality.
The Atlanta Braves -- it's like the Dallas Cowboys used to be, America's team, you know -- the Atlanta Braves are known as America's team. And beating them, the Blue Jays became a true world championship team.
You know, I'm not sure in the World Series if it's getting more exciting each year or if I'm just enjoying it more. But this year's matchup was a heart-stopper that baseball fans I don't believe will ever forget. Think of it: four one-run ball games, three Toronto victories won in the final time at bat. The Braves and Blue Jays staged a fall classic that even Ripley wouldn't believe.
And your season and this series were punctuated by some great individual efforts: Joe Carter, the man who brought you all home with the RBI's; Mike Timlin and the relief pitching crew who came up with some tight pitching at the end of very close ball games; the MVP effort put in by catcher Pat Borders, who couldn't be with us this morning -- you see, his wife is due any day now with their second child; and then pitcher Jack Morris, who is here for the second year in a row. He manages to come no matter what happens. [Laughter] He came here with the Twins last year, and if he comes next year, we're going to give him a guest room -- [laughter] -- or get Governor Clinton to.
But, anyway, it was Old Man River's 11th-inning double in game 6 that put this series in the record books. And that hit, by a 41-year-old veteran, showed that baseball isn't about country; it's about courage and stamina and grit. And after 21 years in the majors, Dave Winfield finally has the World Series ring.
Cito Gaston, his coaching staff, and the entire Blue Jays team showed that America's pastime is becoming the world's pastime. And for that, as a fan, I could not be happier. By winning Canada's first World Series, you all became national heroes as well as cultural ambassadors, and you did it with class. You did it with class all the way. And class, of course, has marked the entire Blue Jays history. In 16 years, you've gone from the doghouse to the penthouse. Millie likes that. [Laughter]
Your general manager, Pat Gillick, will tell you those first few seasons were not easy. But in five of the last six seasons, Toronto has either won the American League East or finished second. And your fans have taken notice of your hard work. When you built the world's first convertible stadium, Skydome, who would have expected major league attendance records in 1991 and in 1992? More than 4 million fans each year.
Now, it's no secret that in the series, I had to -- it was kind of an international thing; please, don't you guys be sore -- I kind of rooted for the Braves, you may remember. [Laughter] But I've also got -- and I'm not holding it against you all that you beat up my kid's team, the Texas Rangers, like you did. [Laughter] About the All Star Game, they were doing pretty well, until they ran into you guys from time to time; down they went. But nevertheless, that's another subject.
But look, I do want to congratulate the Braves also. They had another great season. They fought hard, and they never gave up. But in the end you won it, and you won it fair and square. And both personally and on behalf of the United States, I salute you. As I told Cito from Air Force One the day after the series, America is proud of you.
And in a larger sense I want to salute all of baseball, a game that I've loved since my dad took me to my first game -- I think it was in Yankee Stadium -- many, many years ago. In that spirit let me recognize the future major leaguers that are here this morning: The world Little League champions, the All Stars from Long Beach, California -- you guys stand up for one second. There they are. Welcome, and I'm glad you came all this way. No speeches out of you guys; I'll do that. [Laughter] Okay. Special congratulations to the Babe Ruth League champs from Lexington, Kentucky, in the 6-to-12 division -- where are they? You guys stand up. Thank you. And then from Phoenix in the 13-to-15-year-old division, big guys -- where are they? Well done. And then lastly from Vancouver, Washington, in the 16-to-18-year-old category, we have some of those -- there they are.
I hope all of you recall this day and these world's champions from Toronto. I can't think of better role models to follow or better examples of character: Fight clean and fair, and do your best.
Joe McCarthy, the great Yankee manager -- Bobby, did you play for Joe? -- once said, "Give a boy a bat and a ball, and he'll be a good citizen." And those words are as relevant today as when I was playing baseball some 40 years ago, hitting eighth, second cleanup we called it. [Laughter] And to the heroes of baseball, young and old, I congratulate you on behalf of our Nation, and I extend to you a very warm welcome to the White House. You've all excelled in that great American pastime we follow to this day. And so congratulations.
At this very special time of year, may God bless each and every one of you. Thanks for coming to the White House.
And now Cito, as a closing thing, I wish you'd come over here. This is a rookie ball player who needs a job. [Laughter] And I'm going to give you this baseball card. Take a look at him. You need a good-fielding first baseman; I'm your man.
Good to see you all, and thanks for coming.
Note: The President spoke at 9:47 a.m. in Room 450 of the Old Executive Office Building.
http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=32404
The American Presidency Project
Jimmy Carter
XXXIX President of the United States: 1977 - 1981
Gold Medal for John Wayne Statement on Signing S. 631 Into Law.
May 26, 1979
I have today approved S. 631, a bill to authorize the presentation of a specially struck gold medal to John Wayne. For nearly half a century, the Duke has symbolized the American ideals of integrity, courage, patriotism, and strength and has represented to the world many of the deepest values that this Nation respects. His conduct off the screen has been as exemplary as that of the characters he has portrayed. He has served, and will continue to serve, as a model for America's young people.
I ask all Americans to join with me in expressing our best wishes to John Wayne as he celebrates his 72d birthday this Saturday.
Note: As enacted, S. 631 is Public Law 96-15, approved May 26.
http://www.tv.com/shows/the-adventures-of-rin-tin-tin/attack-on-fort-apache-91754/
tv.com
The Adventures of Rin Tin Tin Season 2 Episode 31
Attack on Fort Apache
Aired Friday 7:30 PM Apr 13, 1956 on ABC
AIRED: 4/13/56
http://www.tv.com/shows/the-adventures-of-jim-bowie/jim-bowie-apache-163014/
tv.com
The Adventures of Jim Bowie Season 2 Episode 30
Jim Bowie, Apache
Aired Friday 8:00 PM Mar 28, 1958 on ABC
AIRED: 3/28/58
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1017960/Pierre-Emil-George-Salinger
Encyclopædia Britannica
Pierre Emil George Salinger
American journalist and political figure
Pierre Emil George Salinger, (born June 14, 1925, San Francisco, Calif.—died Oct. 16, 2004, Cavaillon, France), American journalist and political figure who served as press secretary (1961–64) to Presidents John F. Kennedy and Lyndon B. Johnson; he later (1978–93) was a Paris-based international correspondent for ABC News. He damaged his credibility, however, when he espoused extreme conspiracy theories concerning the explosion of Pan Am Flight 103 over Lockerbie, Scot., in 1988 and the crash of TWA Flight 800 off Long Island, N.Y., in 1996.
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0086141/releaseinfo
IMDb
Prisoners of the Lost Universe (1983)
Release Info
USA 15 August 1983
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0086141/plotsummary
IMDb
Prisoners of the Lost Universe (1983)
Plot Summary
Through a series of coincidences, Carrie, Dan and Dr. Hartmann all fall through a teleporter device Hartmann has invented. Transported to a what appears to be a prehistoric world in a parallel universe and unable to find the Doctor, Dan and Carrie must figure out a way to get back home. Before they can do that, however, they must deal with tribes of savage cavemen, as well as brutal warlord named Kleel who has taken a liking to Carrie and seems to be unusually well-supplied with Earth technology.
http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/index.php?pid=27889
The American Presidency Project
Lyndon B. Johnson
XXXVI President of the United States: 1963 - 1969
487 - Remarks to the Delegates to the Second National Conference of United States Marshals.
September 27, 1966
I AM delighted to welcome you to the White House again on the occasion of your second national conference.
You are here to study new problems in law enforcement.
Never in the history of your organization--177 years--has this Nation had greater need for imaginative, new, and firm approaches to that problem.
More than 2,700,000 major crimes are now committed in this country every year--nearly 5 a minute.
You know the statistics: one murder every hour, one forcible rape every 23 minutes, one robbery every 4 1/2 minutes, one assault every 2 1/2 minutes, one car theft every minute, one burglary every 27 seconds.
So long as this situation continues, we are not meeting the Government's very first responsibility to its citizens: the right to be secure from criminal violence.
We have a national policy for agriculture. We have a national policy for transportation. We have national policies for health and education. The time is long past due for a national strategy against crime. And as Federal law enforcement officers, you have a stake in helping to formulate that policy.
The United States Marshals have a proud record. From early frontier days, you have accepted the challenge of change. Often you were the first to carry the Federal writ into lawless communities. Today, you are discharging your increasingly difficult duties with devotion and dispatch. And you are doing it, I might add, with a record of economy and efficiency unequaled by any branch of the Federal service. The Marshals Service has had less than a 2 percent increase in personnel over a period of 30 years. I consider that truly remarkable.
I am also pleased that, in my administration, legislation has finally been introduced to place U.S. Marshals under the civil service system. Enactment of this bill will complete the task of making the Marshals Service a merit service and a career service. It will protect the rights of the individual Marshal, and it will benefit both your Service and the country you serve.
But no matter how capable, no matter how dedicated, Federal law enforcement officers cannot win this fight alone. That is why I have asked the Attorney General to work with the Governors of the 50 States to establish statewide committees on law enforcement and criminal justice.
I am pleased to announce today that 20 Governors have already acted and 14 have indicated their intentions to form such committees. And more States are actively considering this step.
The Law Enforcement Assistance Act, which we passed last year, is channeling Federal help to local police. In its first year of operation, it has financed 79 demonstration projects in 30 States. This year more programs are underway, including one which is helping police in about 60 cities plan and develop community relations programs. I hope and believe that this will make your own work a little easier.
We are also striving to help the courts operate more fairly and swiftly.
In June, I signed into law the first real reform of our bail system since 1789. It insures that all defendants will be considered, in fact as well as in theory, innocent until proven guilty. The right to bail will no longer depend on the size of a man's wallet.
I want to assure you that the Federal Government will continue to strengthen the Nation's ability to resist crime. We will use the laws we have, and we will seek new laws when they are necessary and useful.
We have new legislation to control the illegal drug traffic.
We have new legislation to control juvenile delinquency.
We have new legislation to help local police departments.
We have new legislation to seek prisoner rehabilitation.
We will continue, and accelerate, our battle with that unique product of our time, the organized, syndicated corporation of corruption.
I would like to express to you today, on behalf of the American people, our gratitude for the vital service the U.S. Marshals are performing in this continuing battle against crime and disorder.
You are one group which is successfully meeting the challenge of keeping pace. You are meeting the new and difficult problems confronting you today as effectively as you met similar problems at the beginning of our Republic.
Your training, combined with your spirit and dedication, is rapidly making the Marshals Service not only the oldest, but also one of the finest Federal law enforcement agencies in the United States.
Thank you very much.
Note: The President spoke about 1 p.m. in the East Room at the White House. The group of United States Marshals from 93 judicial districts (including the 50 States, Puerto Rico, the Canal Zone, Guam, and the Virgin Islands) were attending a 3 l/2 day conference in Washington.
http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0620619/bio
IMDb
Joe Namath
Biography
Date of Birth 31 May 1943, Beaver Falls, Pennsylvania, USA
Birth Name Joseph William Namath
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zoot_Suit_Riots
Zoot Suit Riots
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Zoot Suit Riots were a series of riots in 1943 during World War II that broke out in Los Angeles, California, between Anglo American sailors and Marines stationed in the city, and Latino youths, who were recognizable by the zoot suits they favored. Mexican Americans and European-American military personnel were the main parties in the riots, and some African American and Filipino/Filipino American youths were involved as well. The Zoot Suit Riots were in part the effect of the infamous Sleepy Lagoon murder trial which followed the death of a young Latino man in a barrio near Los Angeles. The incident triggered similar attacks against Latinos in Beaumont, Chicago, San Diego, Oakland, Detroit, Evansville, Philadelphia, and New York City.
Origins
Zoot suits in 1942
During the 20th century, in addition to those whose families had already been in the American Southwest before 1848, many Mexicans immigrated to places such as Texas, Arizona, and California. In the early 1930s in Los Angeles County, more than 12,000 people of Mexican descent—including many American citizens—were deported to Mexico (see Mexican Repatriation). Despite the deportations, by the late 1930s there were still about 3 million Mexican Americans in the United States. Los Angeles had the highest concentration of Mexicans outside of Mexico. The Latinos were segregated into an area of the city with the oldest, most run-down housing. In addition to this, job discrimination in Los Angeles forced many Mexicans to work for below-poverty level wages. The Los Angeles newspapers described Mexicans by using racially inflammatory propaganda. These factors caused much racial tension between Latinos and whites.
It was during the late 1930s that young Latinos in California, for whom the media usually used the then-derogatory term Chicanos, which some Mexican-Americans today still use to refer to themselves, created a youth culture. Lalo Guerrero became known as the father of Chicano music, as they adopted their own music, language and dress. For the men, the style was to wear a zoot suit—a flamboyant long coat with baggy pegged pants, a pork pie hat, a long key chain, and shoes with thick soles. They called themselves "pachucos." In the early 1940s, many arrests and negative stories in the Los Angeles Times fueled a negative perception of these pachuco gangs in the broader community. In the summer of 1942 the Sleepy Lagoon murder case made national news when teenage members of the 38th Street Gang were accused of murdering a man named José DÃaz in an abandoned quarry pit. This created much anti-Mexican sentiment and the nine men were convicted and sentenced to long prison terms. As one author puts it, "Many Angelenos saw the death of José DÃaz as a tragedy that resulted from a larger pattern of lawlessness and rebellion among Mexican American youths, discerned through their self-conscious fashioning of difference, and increasingly called for stronger measures to crack down on juvenile delinquency." Although ultimately the convictions of the nine young men were overturned, the case caused much animosity toward Mexican Americans, much of which had to do with the police and press characterizing all Mexican youths as "pachuco hoodlums and baby gangsters."
The Zoot Suit Riots sharply revealed a polarization between two youth groups within wartime society: the gangs of predominantly black and Mexican youths who were at the forefront of the zoot suit subculture, and the predominantly Anglo American servicemen stationed along the Pacific coast. The riots primarily had racial and social resonances, although some argue that the primary issue may have been patriotism and attitudes to the war.
With the entry of the United States into the war in December 1941 following the Japanese sneak attack on Pearl Harbor, the nation had to come to terms with the restrictions of rationing and the prospects of conscription. In March 1942, the War Production Board's first rationing act had a direct effect on the manufacture of suits and all clothing containing wool. In an attempt to institute a 26% cut-back in the use of fabrics, the War Production Board drew up regulations for the wartime manufacture of what Esquire magazine called, "streamlined suits by Uncle Sam." The regulations effectively forbade the manufacture of zoot suits, and most legitimate tailoring companies ceased to manufacture or advertise any suits that fell outside the War Production Board's guidelines. However, the demand for zoot suits did not decline and a network of bootleg tailors based in Los Angeles and New York City continued to manufacture the garments. Thus, the polarization between servicemen and pachucos was immediately visible: the chino shirt and battledress were evidently uniforms of patriotism, whereas wearing a zoot suit was a deliberate and public way of flouting the regulations of rationing. The zoot suit was a moral and social scandal in the eyes of the authorities, not simply because it was associated with petty crime and violence, but because it openly snubbed the laws of rationing.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/zoot/eng_peopleevents/e_riots.html
PBS
People & Events: The Zoot Suit Riots of 1943
Tensions between servicemen and civilians were on the rise as thousands of military men on leave poured into Los Angeles, seeing the city as a playground for booze, women, and fights. While many civilians tolerated them because of the war effort, others did not. Particularly in the segregated, ethnic enclaves of Los Angeles, unruly servicemen met stiff opposition from young men and women who refused to defer to the presumed prerogatives of white privilege. While white military men and civilian youth of all colors clashed in the streets, confrontations occurred most frequently between white servicemen and Mexican Americans, because they were the largest minority group in Los Angeles.
Drunken military men on their way back to base after a night of carousing were often "rolled" by civilian minority youth hoping to teach them proper respect. With equal animosity the sailors would often insult Mexican Americans as they traveled through their neighborhood. In the barrios, rumors spread about sailors searching out Mexican American girls. On the military bases, stories circulated about the violent reprisals suffered by sailors who dared to date Mexican American females. Sailors complained bitterly about their wives or girlfriends being subjected to the sexual taunts of young Mexican Americans. The tension continued to escalate until a street fight between sailors and Mexican American boys sparked more than a week of fighting in June of 1943 known as the Zoot Suit Riots.
On the evening of Monday, May 30, 1943 about a dozen sailors and soldiers were walking on a downtown street. After spotting a group of young Mexican American women on the opposite side of the street, the sailors and soldiers changed direction and headed their way. Between the military men and the young women stood a group of young men in zoot suits. As the two groups passed each other, Sailor Joe Dacy Coleman, fearing he was about to be attacked, grabbed the arm of one of the zoot-suited young men. Coleman's move proved to be a big mistake. Coleman was almost immediately struck on the head from behind and fell to the ground, unconscious. Other young civilians pounced on the sailors with rocks, bottles and fists. After the ferocious attack, the sailors managed to escape and carry Coleman to the safety of the Naval Armory. "The fracas lasted little more than a few minutes, but the shock reverberated for days," wrote historian Eduardo Pagán, "The details of the fight grew larger and more distorted in each re-telling of the story." It wasn't long before sailors organized a retaliatory strike against zoot-suiters.
http://research.pomona.edu/zootsuit/en/riots/
Zoot Suit Riots
Riots of 1943: Sequence of Events
May 31: Twelve sailors and servicemen clashed violently with Pachuco youth near downtown Los Angeles.
June 3: Fifty sailors leave the Naval Reserve Armory in Chávez Ravine, near Chinatown, attacking anyone wearing zoot suits.
June 4-5: Rioting servicemen conduct search-and-destroy raids on Mexican Americans in the downtown area.
June 6: The rioting escalates and spreads into East Los Angeles.
June 7: The worst of the rioting occurs.
June 8: Major rioting ends in Los Angeles but spreads into other ports and urban centers such as Detroit, Chicago, Philadelphia and Harlem where African Americans dressed in zoot suits become targets.
http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/zoot/eng_timeline/timeline2.html
PBS
1943
May 31: Twelve sailors and soldiers clash violently with Mexican American boys near downtown. Seaman Second Class Joe Dacy Coleman, U.S.N., is badly wounded.
June 3: Approximately 50 sailors leave the Naval Reserve Armory with concealed weapons to revenge the attack on Coleman. They target the neighborhoods near the Armory and attack anyone they can find wearing zoot suits -- giving birth to the name "Zoot Suit Riots".
June 4: Rioting servicemen conduct "search and destroy" raids on Mexican Americans in the downtown area -- whether their victims are wearing zoot suits or not. The servicemen employ twenty taxis to look for zoot suiters.
June 5: The rioting continues with attacks on all "pachuco"-looking males. A group of musicians leaving the Aztec Recording Company on Third and Main Streets are attacked. Attorney Manuel RuÃz and other Mexican American professionals meet with city officials. Carey McWilliams calls California Attorney General Robert Kenny to encourage Governor Earl Warren to appoint an investigatory commission.
June 6: The rioting escalates and spreads into East Los Angeles. Kenny meets with McWilliams regarding the investigation and creates the McGucken Committee. Chaired by the Auxiliary Bishop of Los Angeles, Joseph T. McGucken, the committee blames the press for its irresponsible tone and the police for overreacting to the riot.
June 7: The worst of the rioting violence occurs as soldiers, sailors, and marines from as far away as San Diego travel to Los Angeles to join in the fighting. Taxi drivers offer free rides to servicemen and civilians to the riot areas.
http://www.tv.com/shows/the-simpsons/homer-to-the-max-1501/trivia/
tv.com
The Simpsons Season 10 Episode 13
Homer to the Max
Aired Sunday 8:00 PM Feb 07, 1999 on FOX
QUOTES
Homer: (on phone) Hello? Yes, this is the original Homer Simpson. Who is this?… The Debbie Pinson, who was the Homecoming Queen at high school?…Yes, I'm still available.
Marge: (takes phone) No, he's not!
Homer: Marge that was Debbie Pinson! Deb-bie Pin-son!!
Marge: No dating!
Homer: Oohhh!
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0049829/quotes
IMDb
Tea and Sympathy (1956)
Quotes
Tom Lee: When I was a kid here in this school, I've had my problems too. I used to sit in my room and listen to phonograph records hour after hour. I had a place where I used to go and cry my eyes out.
Laura Reynolds: Oh, Bill.
Tom Lee: But I've got over it, Laura. I learned how to take it. Now when the headmaster's wife gave you that silver teapot, she told you what she tells all of the other master's wives that you've got to be an interested bystander.
Laura Reynolds: Yes, yes, I know.
Tom Lee: Just as she says, Laura. All you're supposed to do is once in a while give the boys a little tea...
Laura Reynolds: tea and sympathy.
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0408599/releaseinfo
IMDb
Buffalo Soldiers (1979 TV Movie)
Release Info
USA 26 May 1979
http://www.tv.com/shows/the-simpsons/homer-to-the-max-1501/trivia/
tv.com
The Simpsons Season 10 Episode 13
Homer to the Max
Aired Sunday 8:00 PM Feb 07, 1999 on FOX
QUOTES
Homer: (After watching 'Police Cops') Wow, they captured my personality perfectly. Did you see the way Daddy caught that bullet?
Lisa: That's not really you, Dad. He's just a fictional character who happens to have the same name.
Homer: (Pause) Don't confuse Daddy, Lisa.
http://www.nytimes.com/1985/10/22/us/dan-white-killer-of-san-francisco-mayor-a-suicide.html
The New York Times
DAN WHITE, KILLER OF SAN FRANCISCO MAYOR, A SUICIDE
By ROBERT LINDSEY
Published: October 22, 1985
SAN FRANCISCO, Oct. 21— Dan White, the man convicted of shooting to death Mayor George Moscone of San Francisco and fellow Supervisor Harvey Milk in 1978, committed suicide today, the police said.
Mr. White, who was 39 years old, was found in a car in the garage of a house owned by his wife in San Francisco's middle-class Excelsior district.
Officers investigating Mr. White's death said his brother, Tom, found his body about 2 P.M. A rubber hose, they said, had been used to pipe lethal carbon monoxide into the car.
'This Was a Sick Man'
''We've said all along there were three victims in this,'' Douglas R. Schmidt, Mr. White's lawyer, said. ''Today Dan White became the third victim.''
Mr. White, who had been released from prison Jan. 6, 1984, after serving five years, one month and nine days in jail for the killings, had been troubled since his release, his lawyer said.
''His family life was less than satisfactory because he was so devastated by having created this situation,'' Mr. Schmidt said. ''This was a sick man,''
He said Mr. White's suicide vindicated his controversial plea of ''diminished capacity'' at the 1979 trial.
Mr. White admitted to the police shortly after the shootings on Nov. 28, 1978, that he had killed the two officials because he believed they would not let him rescind adecision to resign from the Board of Supervisors.
Controversial Plea at Trial
Mr. Milk was one of the nation's first acknowledged homosexuals to be elected to major public office, and many homosexuals said that was a factor in his death.
Mr. White's lawyer argued that his client was mentally unstable and had a ''diminished capacity'' at the time of the shooting, in part, he argued, because Mr. White had an addiction for sugary junk foods.
Although critics deplored what they called the ''Twinkie defense,'' it succeeded with jurors.
When they convicted Mr. White of voluntary manslaughter rather than murder, thousands of protesters, including many members of the homosexual community here, marched to City Hall where they met the police in a violent confrontation.
In San Francisco, Mr. Milk came to be revered among many homosexuals as a kind of martyr whose death encouraged them to become more agressive in seeking political power.
Mr. White, after entering San Francisco's domed City Hall through a basement to avoid a metal detector, shot Mr. Moscone and Mr. Milk.
Mr. White never expressed public remorse for the murders and apparently died without doing so.
Police Capt. Michael Lennon, speaking to reporters at the house where Mr. White's body was found, said Mr. White wrote several notes before he died, but that none referred to the shootings.
Captain Lennon said that the notes ''apologized for all for all the trouble his death would cause.''
Spent Time in Ireland
For the first year after his release from the Soledad State Prison, Mr. White was required to live in the Los Angeles area where he reported weekly to a parole officer. After the parole expired, Mr. Schmidt said, Mr. White had lived at his home here and had spent several months in Ireland.
Mr. White, a San Francisco native and the second of nine children, was often referred to as ''an all-American boy'' in news accounts after the shootings. He was a star athlete in high school and spent a year in the Vietnam War as a paratrooper, then returned home to work first as a policeman and then as a fireman.
In 1977, with strong support from the city's police union, whose leaders were angry over what they perceived as growing official tolerance of crime and of overt homosexuality and prostitution, he was elected to the Board of Supervisors on a conservative platform.
Turned Down by Mayor
But a year later he resigned, saying that his salary, $9,600 a year, was not enough to support his family, and that he was unhappy with the ethics he found in the political world.
After his police supporters advised him to change his mind, Mr. White asked Mr. Moscone to let him rescind the resignation. The Mayor turned him down. Several days later, he killed the Mayor and Mr. Milk.
In a long, rambling confession to a detective who had been one of his friends, Mr. White, weeping, said, ''I saw the city as going kind of downhill.''
A play based on the trial of Mr. White is scheduled to be presented on Broadway in New York in February.
The play, ''Execution of Justice,'' written by Emily Mann, drew critical praise and full houses when it was produced at the Arena Stage in Washington last spring.
Mr. White is survived by his wife, Mary Ann; two sons, Charlie, 7 years old and Rory, 4, and an infant daughter, Laura.
''I hope it's the last chapter,'' Police Chief Cornelius Murphy told an interviewer after Mr. White's suicide was confirmed. ''I don't think that this is the kind of book that's been written that needs an epilogue. It's time to close the book on Dan White. Let the White family and the City and County of San Francisco get on with its business.''
http://www.apnewsarchive.com/1985/Events-in-Dan-White-Case-With-AM-White-Suicide/id-4831e478affd9a52cce49e3f70350233
AP News Archive
Events in Dan White Case With AM-White-Suicide
AP, Associated Press
Oct. 21, 1985 9:41 PM ET
SAN FRANCISCO (AP) _ Here is a chronology of the Dan White case:
Jan. 1, 1978 - Former police officer and firefighter Dan White takes office on the San Francisco Board of Supervisors, following his election the previous November.
Nov. 10, 1978 - White resigns, saying he cannot afford to support his wife and infant son on a supervisor's $9,600 annual pay. White's parents offer financial help and White asks for his job back the next day.
Nov. 27, 1978 - White crawls through a basement window in City Hall with his loaded .38-caliber service revolver, shoots Mayor George Moscone in the head, then walks down the hall to the office of Supervisor Harvey Milk, and kills him.
April 27, 1979 - A jury is chosen for White's trial for the deaths of Moscone and Milk.
May 1, 1979 - Testimony starts in the trial, where White's defense centers on a claim of diminished capacity due in part to the consumption of junk foods. It became known as the ''Twinkie defense.''
http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/politics/campaigns/wh2000/stories/bush073099.htm
By George Lardner Jr. and Lois Romano
Washington Post Staff Writers
Friday, July 30, 1999; Page A1
Jonathan Bush said he offered to help. He'd been busy raising money as a one-man show for his brother George's presidential explorations under the name of the Fund for Limited Government and then became national finance co-chairman when the older Bush announced his candidacy on May 1, 1979. Not surprisingly, some of the father's contributors also wound up on Bush's list of investors.
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0049829/releaseinfo
IMDb
Tea and Sympathy (1956)
Release Info
USA 27 September 1956 (New York City, New York)
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0049829/plotsummary
IMDb
Tea and Sympathy (1956)
Plot Summary
At his ten year reunion, Tom Lee reminisces about his life at Chilton, a boys' prep school. Chilton is the type of institution where generations from the same family attend, and want to attend. Tom, however, has different thoughts. He was perceived as different than the other boys, who called him sister-boy. He doesn't join in the group sporting activities except tennis, a sport he plays with finesse rather than power; he knows how to sew and cook; he knows all about gardening; he wants to be a folk musician; he's only accepted into the dramatic club if he plays the women's roles; and he even doesn't walk or style his hair like the others. The only one of his classmates who tries to understand him is his roommate, Al Thompson, who feels he can only do so much as one person against the masses. Tom knows that he embarrasses his alumnus father, Herb Lee, who is worried the Lee name will now be forever tainted at Chilton. At Chilton, Tom's favorite times are spent with Laura Reynolds, the relatively recent bride of his dormitory house master, the overtly masculine Bill Reynolds who also attended Chilton as a student at the same time as Herb Lee. Seeing the torment he is facing from all sides, Laura wants to help Tom in any way she can. As time goes on and things don't get any better for Tom, Laura comes to the realization of why she is trying so desperately to help him and what she needs to do both to accomplish that task and be true to herself.
http://articles.latimes.com/2000/nov/03/news/mn-46389
Los Angeles Times
Bush's 1976 Arrest in Maine Is Revealed
November 03, 2000 MARK Z. BARABAK TIMES POLITICAL WRITER
Responding to reports Thursday
Bush repeatedly questioned the timing of the Maine news reports. "I think that's an interesting question," he told reporters. "Why now? . . . I've got my suspicions."
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0049829/quotes
IMDb
Tea and Sympathy (1956)
Quotes
Tom Lee: I'm always falling in love with the wrong people.
Laura Reynolds: Who isn't?
- posted by H.V.O.M - Kerry Wayne Burgess 07:13 AM Pacific Time Spokane Valley Washington USA Wednesday 18 March 2015
